translations of the latin key words used several times during the A-level course and what they mean, examples of cases and advantages and disadvantages of each
ejusdem generis
Expressio unius exclusion alerius
Noscitur a sociis
these are key words used often in the exam
The legal system: the civil courts
Civil claims – claims made in the civil courts when an individual or a
business believes that their rights have been infringed in some way.
Some of the main areas of civil law are –
- Civil law
- Contract law – company may be claiming that money is owed to
them
- Law of tort – an individual may be claiming compensation for injuries
- Family law – this may involve a parent wanting child custody
- Employment law – cases where there may be discrimination involved
- Company law – problems with company contracts
The two courts in which civil cases are tried in are:
- The County Court
- The High Court
County Court
Can try nearly all civil cases
All contract and tort claims
All cases for the recovery land
Disputes over equitable matters such as trusts up to value £350,000
Heard by circuit or district judges
On rare occasions the judge can sit with a jury of 8. This will only
happen when for defamation cases or for the torts of malicious
prosecution or false imprisonment
High Court
Power to hear any civil case
Has three divisions – specialize in hearing certain types of cases
- Queen’s bench division
- Chancery division
- Family division
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