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protostomiens
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Protostomiens
- Protostomiens = Lophotrochozoaires + Cuticulates (Ecdysozoaires)
o Lophotrochozoaires = Eutrochozoaires + Lophophorates
o Eutrochozoaires = Sydermates (Rotifères et Plathelminthes) + Spiraliens
(Siponcles, annélides et Némertes)
- 3 critères :
o Devenir du blastopore (orifice) qui donne la bouche et l’anus
o Situation ventrale du système nerveux
o Présence potentielle d’un exosquelette (insectes)
- 1 million d’espèces
I- Lophotrochozoaires
- Lophophore
- Trochophore
- 18 S/ Hox
- Plus de 500 000 espèces
A- Embranchement des Rotifères
- 1800 espèces
- Petite taille
- Région antérieure porte une couronne de cils
- Région postérieure : pied avec glande adhésive pour fixation au substrat
- Symétrie bilatérale
- Pseudocoelome
- Mode de vie : aquatique, eau douce et salée : zooplancton ; aussi en milieu terrestre
humide. Participe à la décomposition des sols. Certains sont des parasites de crustacés,
d’annélides libres ou fixées.
- Nutrition : organisme unicellulaire, d’autres rotifères, matière organique en suspension
= suspensivores
- Reproduction : gonochorique (sexes séparés), fécondation interne, développement
direct ; œuf à clivage radiaire.
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