Summary for exam (November 2020) about "Handbook organisation and Management, a practical approach" for the first year student of International Business of NHL Stenden. NOT EVERY CHAPTER / PARAGRAPH IS COVERD!!!
Covered chapters and paragraphs are:
0 1
1 1.1 / 1.2 / 1.3
2 2.1 / 2.2 / 2.6 / 2.8...
,Chapter 0: The evolution of organization and
management
Organizational behavior is the interdisciplinary science that is concerned
with the study and behavior of organisations. Also, with the factors that
determine this behavior.
This definition of organizational behavior encloses two aspects of the
subject:
- Descriptive: a description of the behavior of organizations, including
consequences and motives.
- Prescriptive: Advice about organizational design and the best course of
action to follow.
To be able to study this, an interdisciplinary approach is required.
Interdisciplinary is to relate more than one branch of knowledge. For
example, fields as business studies. These studies also hold financing,
accounting and marketing.
A multidisciplinary approach is when you combine or involve several
academic disciplines or professional specializations in an approach to a topic
or problem.
,Chapter 1: Environmental influences
Organisations are a part of daily life. Human society can also be seen as the
environment in which organisations function.
An organisation has stakeholders, e.g. buyers, suppliers and financiers.
- Stakeholders are those who affect and are affected by business
activities.
Buyers/consumers
- Demanding products and services. These demandings often change
and organisations need to take these changes into account.
- Exert a critical influence on organisations
Suppliers
- Demands of supplier’s quality, price level and delivery time
- Organisations use products/services from other organisations
Competitors
- Compete with product features, pricing, quality, distribution channels,
advertising budgets etc.
- Vital importance to monitor activities of major competitors
Capital providers
- Shareholders, financial institutions and the government
- Must maintain good relationships with these financiers to avoid
potential threat to its survival.
Employees
- Important asset, critical success factor. Highly trained, liberated and
individualistic
- The cooperation and support of employees influence the organization’s
choice.
Special interest groups
- Bodies that focus on the interests of a particular group of people
Government authorities
- Authorities that influence organisations through the application of
legislation.
Media
- Current information era
- Has any meaning for the individuals in this society?
- Influence public opinions
, For organisations it also works the other way around, an organisation can
influence their stakeholders by showing them advertisements, supply
information and maintain direct contact with their consumers.
An organisation can also be affected by environmental influences. They have
zero control over these influences.
This can also be remembered by the DESTEP-method.
- D: Demographic Characteristics of the population
- E: Economic Describes the economy
- S: Social-Cultural Describes culture and way of living
- T: Technological Describe development
- E: Ecological Describe the environment
- P: Politics: Describe political influences
Demographic
This can be defined as the growth of a population. These factors determine
which market an organisation focusses on and which products and services it
offers.
Economic
This factor plays a role in the success of an organisation. If there is a
significant growth in national income than this can result in higher
purchasing power of individuals.
Social-Cultural
This factor is described as a try to exert an influence on organisations
because of concerns about business activities.
Technological
The knowledge of the new technology can help an organisation to keep
improving their production methods and innovation of goods and services.
Ecological
A clean climate and good environment are essential to a healthy economy.
Political
The authorities of the government are very important as well. It is their
responsibility to steer their economy in a favorable direction.
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