1. De student past de anatomische posities en richtingen toe in casuïstiek.....................................................4
2. De student maakt onderscheid tussen de verschillende anatomische structuren en functies van centraal en
perifeer zenuwstelsel..................................................................................................................................... 4
2.1 Indeling zenuwstelsel.....................................................................................................................................4
2.2 Bouwstenen zenuwstelsel..............................................................................................................................4
2.3 Bouw en informatieverwerking neuroon.......................................................................................................6
2.4 Functie en werking axon................................................................................................................................8
2.5 Gliacellen........................................................................................................................................................8
2.6 Anatomie brein...............................................................................................................................................9
2.6.1 Volledige anatomie...............................................................................................................................10
3. De student vat de fysiologische kenmerken van de embryonale ontwikkeling en de algemene structuur van
het centraal en perifeer zenuwstelsel samen................................................................................................16
3.1 Fysiologie brein, ingedeeld per hersenkwab................................................................................................16
3.2 Saggitale doorsnede brein...........................................................................................................................17
Corpus calosum.............................................................................................................................................17
Gyrus cinguli..................................................................................................................................................18
Hypothalamus................................................................................................................................................18
Basale ganglia................................................................................................................................................18
Cerebellum.....................................................................................................................................................19
Hersenstam (truncus cerebri)........................................................................................................................19
3.3 Hersenvliezen, ventrikels en bloedvoorziening............................................................................................21
3.4 Embryonale ontwikkeling.............................................................................................................................22
3.4.1 De ontwikkeling....................................................................................................................................22
3.5 Fysiologie zenuwstelsel................................................................................................................................23
3.5.1 Actiepotentiaal.....................................................................................................................................23
3.5.2 Synaptische overdracht........................................................................................................................25
4. De student past de fysiologie van het zenuwstelsel en de neurofysiologische modellen toe in casuïstiek.. 25
4.1 Hiërarchisch model.......................................................................................................................................25
4.2 Model van Luria............................................................................................................................................25
4.3 Ruitdiagram..................................................................................................................................................27
5. De student maakt onderscheid tussen de twaalf hersenzenuwen en hun functie aan de hand van
casuïstiek..................................................................................................................................................... 28
6. De student karakteriseert de neurologische aandoeningen CVA, Tumor, Coma, Infecties, Trauma en
Amnesie aan de hand van casuïstiek............................................................................................................ 29
6.1 CVA...............................................................................................................................................................29
6.1.1 Oorzaken CVA.......................................................................................................................................29
6.1.2 Klachten CVA.........................................................................................................................................29
6.2 Trauma.........................................................................................................................................................30
2
, 6.2.1 Herstel...................................................................................................................................................30
6.3 Ontstekingen en infecties.............................................................................................................................31
6.4 Tumor...........................................................................................................................................................31
6.5 Coma............................................................................................................................................................33
6.6 Amnesie en geheugen..................................................................................................................................34
3
, 1. De student past de anatomische posities en richtingen toe in
casuïstiek
Mediaal Aan de binnenzijde, naar de middellijn toe
Lateraal Aan de buitenzijde, van de middenlijn af
Ventraal Aan de buikzijde
Dorsaal Aan de rugzijde
Craniaal Aan de schedelzijde
Caudaal Aan de "staartzijde”
Superior de ‘bovenkant’
Inferior de ‘onderkant’
Anterior de ‘voorzijde’
Posterior de ‘achterzijde’
Saggitaal doorsnede verticaal (links/rechts verdeling)
Coronaal doorsnede verticaal (voor/achter verdeling)
Transversaal doorsnede horizontaal (boven/onder verdeling)
Proximaal wat dichtbij is ten opzichte van gekozen punt
Distaal ver weg van gekozen punt
Rostraal zijde van het gezicht
Centraal midden van het hoofd/lichaam
2. De student maakt onderscheid tussen de verschillende
anatomische structuren en functies van centraal en perifeer
zenuwstelsel
Perifeer zenuwstelsel
- Innerveren (aansturen) van zenuwen, spieren, organen en ledematen
- Verbinding van en naar spieren en organen, naar het centrale zenuwstelsel
2.2 Bouwstenen zenuwstelsel
Neuronen
- Deze verwerken informatie door middel van impulsen
- Zijn erg gevoelig
Gliacellen
- Ondersteunende functie van neuronen
4
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