Summary - Chapter 1 2
*As shown, the summaries of all 2 chapters consist of a total of 2 pages, so these are NOT comprehensive summaries. However they clearly show and explain the main thoughts and topics.
From the 1980’s onwards there has been a significant change in corporate managing. Large-scale operations,
originated from the post-war era, began implementing new, modern digital innovations. The era of
digitalization was born.
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An era where so-called digital nomads predominate the markets from their private beach in Portugal,
using only their laptops and a stable internet connection.
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An era where multinationals outsource parts of their supply chains to low-cost labor economies,
where local workers have fewer legal rights or protection from their own government, to reduce labor costs
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and improve efficiency levels.
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And an era in which so-called ‘hard-power’ management gets replaced with modern ‘soft-power’
management, creating the new public management. The new public management’s founders, found their
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inspiration in classical micro-economic theories, arguing for a downsized economical influence from the
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government and applying private-sector management rules to the administration of the public-sector. New
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economic regulations and policies were created, favoring the wealthy, increasing the gap of inequality
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between the lower- and upper-classes.
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Due to new digital innovations, large media enterprises were able to find new ways to enlarge their
revenues. Offering the attention from the users on their platforms, to a particular advertisement from one of
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their clients, generating enormous increases in total profits. The longer these users would scroll throughout
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these platforms and thus see the placed advertisements, the more money these platforms would obtain. New
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the users scrolling and holding their attention to the
advertisements given. This resulted in so-called digital tribalism, in which certain groups are purposefully
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placed in like-minded ‘attention bubbles’.
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New digital innovations also made it possible for companies like Uber to expand their businesses
from start-up to an international enterprise, using spot contracts, dramatically reducing the overall
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transaction costs and making it easier to assess providers’ contributions. However, this freedom came at a
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cost as the feeling of responsibility and accountability for employees, from those who were the managers,
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decreased.
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Although the advent of modern globalization has given the world many benefits, there is still a lot to
learn, to discover and to improve.
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Bibliography: (Clegg, S. R., Kornberger, M., Pitsis, T. S., & Mount, M. (2019). Managing and
Organizations Paperback with Interactive eBook: An Introduction to Theory and Practice (Fifth edition).
SAGE Publications Ltd.)
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