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Uitwerkingen workshops: weefseltransplantatie

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Uitwerkingen workshops: weefseltransplantatie, jaar 2, Maastricht University

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  • November 26, 2020
  • 26
  • 2018/2019
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Workshop weefseltransplantatie

Inleiding

 Probleem in orgaan of weefsel transplantie
 Orgaan wilen vervangen  lastig
 Transplantatie tussen twee individuen
 Zowel verschillende genen of species
 Autograft  van het ene deel van het lichaam naar het andere deel van het lichaam in
hetzelfde individu. Bijvoorbeeld huid transplantatie van buik naar arm.
 Isograft  transplantatie tussen twee genetisch indentieke individuen, bijv. in
monozygote tweelingen
 Allograft  tussen twee individuen van dezelfde soort, mens tot mens
 Xenograft  tussen twee individuen van verschillende soorten, bijv. varkenshartklep
naar mens




 Genitische barriere  verschillende genen  verschillende proteinen
 Verschillend gen  verschillende proteinen  vreemd gen  onbekend 
immuunsysteem reageert erop!
 Omdat het herkent wordt als non-self  immuunreactie (let op Ongewenste
immuunrespons)
 B lymfocyten  plasma cellen  immunoglobinen (antilichamen)
 T lymfocyten:
 T-helper cel (CD4)  cytokinen  activatie substanties
 T-cytotoxische cel (CD8)  lysis/apoptose  doden van target cellen

, Orgaantransplantie neemt toe 
 135.860 solide organen werden in 2016 getransplanteerd
 Dat is een toename van 7,25% over 2015!




 Transplantie verhoogt de kans op overleving
 Bijv. bij nieren geldt:
 Dialyse  15 jaar levensverwachting
 Nier van dode donor  30 jaar levensverwachting
 Nier van levende donor  40 jaar levensverwachting

,  Veel veschrillende organen worden getransplanteert:
 Nier (ren)
 Lever (hepar)
 Hart (cor)
 Longen
 Pancreas
 Dunne darm
 8 donor centra in NL




 Niertransplantatie:
 postmortaal
 levende donoren




 Niertransplantatie  rejection
graft
 Host vs graft reactie

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