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Samenvatting Hormoonstelsel

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Hormoonstelsel en alle aandoeningen die hier bij horen

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  • Thema 15
  • November 26, 2020
  • 10
  • 2019/2020
  • Summary

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Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 15 Hormoonstelsel.............................................................................................2
15.1 Inleiding.................................................................................................................................2
15.2 Aandoeningen van de hypofyse.............................................................................................2
15.3 Aandoeningen van de schildklier (glandula thyroidea)..........................................................3
15.3.1 Congenitale hypothyreoïdie.................................................................................................................3
15.3.2 Krop (Struma)........................................................................................................................................4
15.3.3 Hypo- en hyperfunctie..........................................................................................................................4
15.4 Aandoeningen van de bijschildklier (glandulae parathyroideae)...........................................4
15.5 Aandoeningen van de bijnieren (glandulae suprarenales).....................................................6
15.5.1 Hypo- en hyperfuncties bijnierschors...................................................................................................6
15.5.2 Hyperfunctie bijniermerg.....................................................................................................................7
15.6 Aandoeningen van de alvleesklier (pancreas)........................................................................7
......................................................................................................................................................7
15.6.1 Diabetes mellitus..................................................................................................................................8
15.7 Woordenlijst........................................................................................................................10




1

, Hoofdstuk 15 Hormoonstelsel

15.1 Inleiding
Het hormoonstelsel (endocriene systeem) bestaat uit klieren en organen die hormonen maken. Het
bloed verspreidt de hormonen naar bepaalde delen van het lichaam. Daar voeren ze hun functie uit.
Klieren en cellen van het hormoonstelsel zitten verspreid door het lichaam.




15.2 Aandoeningen van de hypofyse

Hypofyse (= hersenaanhangsel)
 Is een orgaan ter grootte van een erwt, dat in de holte van de schedelbasis (sella tutcica) ligt.
 Deze endocrien klier produceert verschillende hormonen.
 De hypothalamus (hormonaal regelcentrum) stuurt de hypofyse aan, zogenoemd:
feedbackmechanisme.
 Bij uitval van de hypofyse vervalt ook de reguliere werking ervan. Kan worden veroorzaakt
door een tumor.

Specifieke hormonen uit de hypofysevoorkwab:

 Somatotroop hormoon: groeihormoon
- Bevorderd lichaamsgroei door beïnvloeding van het metabolisme.
 ACTH: adrenocorticotroop hormoon, bijnierschors activerend hormoon
- Activeert de bijnierschors tot productie.
 TSH: thyroïd stimulerend hormoon, thyreotroop hormoon
- Activeert de schildklier tot productie van schildklierhormoon.
 Gonadotrope hormonen
- Activeren geslachtsklieren tot aan maak van geslachtshormoon.
 FSH: follikelstimulerend hormoon

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