100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Sociolinguistics lecture 6: First, Second, Third Wave studies $3.99
Add to cart

Class notes

Sociolinguistics lecture 6: First, Second, Third Wave studies

 37 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • Institution
  • Book

First, Second, Third Wave studies

Preview 2 out of 7  pages

  • December 14, 2020
  • 7
  • 2020/2021
  • Class notes
  • Unknown
  • All classes
avatar-seller
23/10/20

SOCIOLINGUISTICS L.6


F IRST WAVE STUDIES

First wave sociolinguistic tried to establish correlations between
prede ned macro-social categories (class, age, sex etc) and
linguistic variables
Importance of the observer was realized (see observer’s
paradox


L ABOV’S NY STUDY:
Key ndings
- Phonological variables are strati ed according to social class
and style (attention to speech
- Members of middle social groups can change their
pronunciation because of their social aspiration
(hypercorrection). Members of highest and lowest social group
generally do not change it once it’s xed
Hypercorrection: people try to emulate higher social classes'
ways of speech but go too far and start a variation. It occurs in
more careful speech styles
Thanks to hypercorrection
we can see what are people’s
aspirations

1


fi fi )
.
:
.
.
)
fi fi .


, 23/10/20




S HUY & WOLFRAM’S STUDIES
Sample of 48 speakers selected from 702 participants based on
age, gender, clas
They observed multiple negation (I ain’t no prophet for ex
Key ndings
- Fine (gradient) strati cation: between the different classes
there is a continuum. A variant is harmoniously distributed
(there is no sharp break
- Sharp strati cation: sharp break (especially with grammatical
variables


T RUDGILL’S STUDY IN NORWICH
Key ndings
1. People of lower socio-economic status use non-standard
variants more than higher s-e status speakers
2. Men use more non-standard variants than woman. The
explanation was that they aimed at a different type of
prestige.
The sex-prestige pattern: when a variable is socially
strati ed and when men and women have equal access to the



2



fi
fifi )
fi
:
:
s
fi :
)
:
.
)

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller teadejong. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $3.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

52510 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
$3.99
  • (0)
Add to cart
Added