Dopamine
D1 familie (D1,D5) : cAMP↑, Ca2+ signalisatie (PLC)↑
D2 familie (D2,3,4) : cAMP↓, Ca2+ signalisatie (ψ) ↓, K+ stroom↑
D2 receptor = autoreceptor (amfetamine, cocaïne)
Banen:
o Mesolimbisch (+Schizofrenie)
o Mesocorticaal (-Schizofrenie)
o VTA-NA baan (beloning, nicotine, alcohol, opiaten, cannabinoïden)
o Tubero-infundibulair
o Nigrostriataal (Parkinson)
ADHD (dop↓), novelty-seeking
, Serotonine 5-HT
Tryptofaan 5HT (na hydrox + decarbox)
Afbraak MAO + 5HIAA tot metaboliet urine of tot melatonine
Baan:
o Nucl raphe (<RAS) hypoth, limb syst, neocortex, cerebellum, ruggenmerg
Ionotroop:
o 5HT3 exc braakreflex, anti-emeticum
Metabotroop:
o 5HT1 inh angst, depressive (anxiolyt) / impulsiviteit agressie / migraine
o 5HT2 exc hallucinaties psychose (atyp antipsychotica) / voeding en geheugen (obesitas)
o 5HT4 exc
o 5HT5 inh
o 5HT6 exc limb system: gemoed+stemming
o 5HT7 exc limb system: gemoed+stemming
1A,4,6 ook geheugen+leerprocessen
5HT transporter depressie, autisme, ADHD, eetstoornissen
MAO-A alcoholisme, agressie, angst, antisociaal gedrag
Synaptic cradle (tripartite+microgliacellen)
Depressie: (Inbalans neuronale celdood en neurogenese)
o Tekort serotonine
o Glutamaat
o BDNF (groeifactoren)
o Stress: Glu, Noradr, cortisol
SSRI (fluoxetine) inhibeert presyn re-uptake
Hallucinogene subs: LSD, psilocine, mescaline, ecstasy = MDMA
Beëindigen REM slaap
Histamine
Histidine histamine (decarb)
Afbraak MAO + diamine oxidase
Baan:
o Nucl tuberomammillaris (<RAS) bijna alle delen
Metabotroop:
o H1 PLC activatie (H1R antagonisten voor hooikoorts, bijwerking slaperigheid)
o H2 AC activatie
o H3 autoreceptor
Aminozuurneurotransmitters
Aspartaat
Oxaloacetaat asp (transaminatie)
Excitatorisch (rol in visuele cortex)
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