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Samenvatting Datastructuren Introduction to Java Programming and Data Structures, Comprehensive Version, Global Edition, ISBN: .3 Programmeren $7.22   Add to cart

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Samenvatting Datastructuren Introduction to Java Programming and Data Structures, Comprehensive Version, Global Edition, ISBN: .3 Programmeren

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Bondige samenvatting voor het tweede tentamen dat gericht is op datastructuren

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  • 20 t/m 23
  • January 4, 2021
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  • 2020/2021
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Samenvatting Datastructuren
Jos Perdeck



Inhoudsopgave
Algoritme Analyse ................................................................................................................................................... 3
Tijdcomplexiteit..................................................................................................................................................... 3
Groei: Dominante termen ..................................................................................................................................... 4
Best, worst en avarage case analyse..................................................................................................................... 4
Geheugencomplexiteit ........................................................................................................................................... 5
Handige links ........................................................................................................................................................ 5
Collections ................................................................................................................................................................ 7
Datastructuren ...................................................................................................................................................... 7
List: Array ............................................................................................................................................................. 8
List: LinkedList ..................................................................................................................................................... 8
List: Stack............................................................................................................................................................ 10
Queue .................................................................................................................................................................. 11
Priority Queue .................................................................................................................................................... 11
Reguliere expressies (REGEX) ............................................................................................................................. 12
Basis van reguliere expressies ............................................................................................................................ 12
Voorbeelden: ....................................................................................................................................................... 13
Spitsen van invoer ............................................................................................................................................... 15
Zoeken en vervangen in invoer ........................................................................................................................... 16
Recursie .................................................................................................................................................................. 18
Wat is een recursief algoritme? .......................................................................................................................... 18
(Non-)Efficientie van recursie............................................................................................................................. 18
Sorteer Algoritmen ................................................................................................................................................ 18
BubbleSort........................................................................................................................................................... 19
SelectionSort ....................................................................................................................................................... 19
InsertionSort ....................................................................................................................................................... 19
MergeSort ........................................................................................................................................................... 19
QuickSort ............................................................................................................................................................ 20
Overzicht sorteeralgoritmen ............................................................................................................................... 20
Hashing ................................................................................................................................................................... 20
Collisions & load factor...................................................................................................................................... 21
Gesloten hashing: linear probing ....................................................................................................................... 21
Gesloten hashing: quadratic probing ................................................................................................................. 21
Overflow chaining ............................................................................................................................................... 21
Randomisatie.......................................................................................................................................................... 21

,Inleiding randomisatie ........................................................................................................................................ 21
Linear congruential generator ............................................................................................................................ 22




2

, Algoritme Analyse

Tijdcomplexiteit

• Kijken naar de uitvoeringstijd
• Kijken naar de hoeveelheid ruimte die nodig is

Wat beïnvloedt de looptijd?
• Gebruikte hardware (CPU en randapparatuur)
• Kwaliteit van de code
• Gebruikte programmeertaal
• Vaardigheid van degene die het algoritme implementeert

Inputgrootte = aantal gegevens dat verwerkt moet worden
Hoe groter de dataset hoe meer tijd er nodig is om deze te sorteren

Basisbewerkingen nemen 1 tijdseenheid in beslag
• Waardetoekenningen • Vermenigvuldiging
• Delen etc.

Gezien de inputgrootte de belangrijkste factor is wordt de uitvoeringstijd als T(n) genoteerd


public double Pythagoras(double a, double b)
{
double hypothenusa = Math.sqrt( a * a + b * b); return hypothenusa; }


Voor dit algoritme is er een constante tijd nodig.


Input: positief geheel getal n
Output: waarde van de som van alle derde machten van i=1 tot n
1: s <-- 0
2: for i from 1 to n do
3: s <-- s + i3
4: return s


Regel 1 & 4: beide basisbewerkingen dus ieder 1 tijdseenheid
Regel 3: kost 3 tijdseenheden dus 3n
Regel 2: initialisatie van i kost 1 eenheid, vervolgens test of i kleiner dan n en dan ophogen van i kost
in totaal 2n+1 tijdeenheden
Totaal: T(n)=5n+3

Het is dus een lineaire functie en deze wordt genoteerd als O(n).




3

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