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Samenvatting: Cerebrovasculaire aandoeningen
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Samenvatting: Cerebrovasculaire aandoeningen
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NeurologieDocent: Rishi Panday
Cerebrovasculaire aandoeningen
● Inleiding
● Ischemisch CVA
● Hemorrhagisch CVA
Cerebro= hersenen
Vasculair = bloedvaten
→ Aandoeningen die de bloedvaten in de hersenen betreffen →
Cerebrovasculaire aandoening
Inleiding
● Definitie CVA
● Epidemiologie CVA
● Algemene benadering CVA
● Anatomie
● Classificatie CVA
Definitie CVA
● Cerebro: hersenen
Vasculair: pathologie bloedvaten
Oorzaken:
- Lesie vaatwand (Letsel van de vaatwand)
- Occlusie lumen (afsluiten van lumen → Holte bloedvat)
- Ruptuur vat
- Veranderende permeabiliteit vaatwand
- Veranderingen hematologisch (viscositeit, hematocriet, …)
1
,Neurologie
Docent: Rishi Panday
Epidemiologie CVA
● Incidentie: 2/1000 personen/jaar
- 52 Belgen/dag - 1 miljoen/j. in Europa
● Leeftijd
- Gemiddeld: 70 jaar
- Mannen > vrouwen (2/1)
● Zeer belangrijk impact
- Mortaliteit: op 1 na meest frequente doodsoorzaak
- Morbiditeit:
→ Recidief risico: 8% binnen 1 jaar; 17% binnen 5 jaar
→ Secundaire problemen: dementie, depressie, epilepsie en fracture
- Handicap:
→ Belangrijkste oorzaak van permanente invaliditeit op volwassen
lftd.
→ 1/3 van de overlevers, na 1 jaar nog volledig functioneel
afhankelijk
- Financieel: hospitalisatie en behandeling +/- 44.600 Euro/patiënt
Evolutie epidemiologie
● Afname incidentie CVA?
- Betere primaire en secundaire preventie?
→ Cardiale pathologie
→ Arteriële hypertensie
- Maar: vergrijzing...
Algemene benadering CVA
● Correlatie klinisch beeld
- Anatomie cerebrale vasculatuur & funtionele anatomie
● Classificatie:
- Ischemie:
→ vernauwing
→ (Sub-)occlusie door embool/thrombose
→ Arteriële hypotensie (shock)
- Bloeding:
→ Intraparenchymateuze bloeding
→ Subarachnoidale bloeding
2
, Neurologie
Docent: Rishi Panday
Anatomie
● Aortaboog
● A. Carotis Communis
- A. Carotis Externa
- A. Carotis Interna
→ A. Cerebri Anterior
→ A. Cerebri Media
● A. Vertebralis – A. Basilaris
- A. Cerebri Posterior
● Cirkel van Willis (carotis systeem + Basilaris
systeem)
● Functionele anatomie
3
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