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Vorlesungsmitschrift PC1 VL 5&6
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Bedeutungder Grundgleichung der kinetischenGastheorie1 Link zum idealenGasgesetz
makroskopischeGrößen p U nRT p mi N v2
mikroskopische Größen mi u
2 Definition der Temperatur
1 F RT R T Es mi v2
8,14 J K man
1.38.10 233
6 022.1023 ma 1 kg
Boltzmannkonstante
Mittelung überdasGeschwindigkeits
quadrat
vD 3 LEBT 3 RT LinkzwischenTemperatur T v2
mi M
mi v2 f mit3 k Enn 3UBT mittlerekinetische Energie eines
mi Teilchens
LinkzwischenEunund T
Für F 0 L Eun 0 µ Raumrichtungen
Für Gase Eun EnergiederTranslationsbewegung proFreiheitsgrad f
Eun KBT
DefinitionTemperatur Energie ungeordneterBewegung
verfehlen
2 4.3 MittlereWeglänge
µ gg treffen
DasMolekültrifftTeilcheninnerhalbdesZylinders
Weglänge 2 ist dieLängedesZylinders in dem im Streugnerschnitto nureinMolekül ist
streuauerschnitt a 0,43mm für Nz
FlächenbedarfdesTeilchensohnezu stoßen D Zr i O TL d o o µ nm3 für He
GrößeZylinder im0nur 1Molekül einige1000 Äfür4bar
1V 0.2 AN f 1 V 1
f o 2 1 2 o.IN v
1
In Wirklichkeitbewegensichdie Teilchen in Strecke 2 2 Tz o Mv
IdealesGasgesetz PV N KT fNRT f IT
A
jz z.B Na 25 C 105Pa z 3mF 31,38 0232 298,15k
28,0 4 1,661023mg
515 f km h 27,87
UBT 138.10 BI 298,15k g mm
II 0 p Tz 0,43 nmz.wsPa
HäufigkeitderStöße 112 s
f 5153 7 g 109 zeiteinheit
68mm
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