It is a PDF document that explains "Colligative properties of a solution" in a clear simple language.
The main points discussed are :
Dissolution (dissolving) VS Dissociation.
Classification of Solutions.
Electrolytes vs Non-electrolytes.
Non-Volatile vs. Volatile Substances.
Colligative properti...
Medical Chemistry
Colligative properties
of a solution
AM MEDICAL NOTES
, Lecture outline
• Dissolution (dissolving) VS
Dissociation.
• Classification of Solutions.
• Electrolytes vs Non-electrolytes.
• Non-Volatile vs. Volatile Substances.
• Colligative properties of a solution. Considerable mentioned points
• Raoult's Law.
1. Vapour pressure lowering.
• Van 't Hoff factor ( i ).
2. Boiling point elevation.
• Application of freezing point
3. Freezing point depression.
depression.
4. Osmotic pressure. • Osmosis.
,Dissolution VS Dissociation
• Dissolution : is dissolving, which means being
solvated by a solvent i.e. being surrounded or
coated by a solvent. For example, in a cup of tea,
sugar molecules are dissolved in water (get
surrounded by water).
• Dissociation : is the separation of ionically bounded
molecules into their individual ions (positively and
negatively charged particles).
• Read the following notes to understand more.
, Classification of Solutions
• Electrolytic property of a solution means : the ability of a solution to conduct
electricity.
• An electrolyte : is a substance or molecule that dissociates into electrically charged
particles (positive/negative charges; “ions”) in solution. Thus, electrolytes have ions
in their solutions, therefore their solutions readily conduct electricity. This type of
solutions is called electrolyte solutions. For example, NaCl solution (NaCl with water).
• Non-electrolye : is a substance that does not dissociate into ions in its solution. Thus,
no electrical charges are produced from non-elecrolytes. As a result, non-electrolyte
solutions do NOT conduct electricity. For example, sugar solution (Sugar with water).
• Thus, Solutions can be classified into two main groups according to electrolytic
properties.
1. Electrolyte solutions : conduct electricity.
2. Non-electrolyte solutions : do not conduct electricity.
, Electrolytes
• Electrolytes have two groups :
1. Strong electrolytes : substances that completely
dissociate into ions. For example, HCl , H2SO4.
Thus, this type of electrolytes produce strong
electrolyte solutions.
2. Weak electrolytes : substances that partially (Not
completely) dissociate into ions. For example,
CH3COOH. Thus, this type of electrolytes produce
weak electrolyte solutions.
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