100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Samenvatting toegepaste farmacologie $9.11   Add to cart

Summary

Samenvatting toegepaste farmacologie

 29 views  1 purchase
  • Course
  • Institution

Volledige samenvatting van het vak toegepaste farmacologie in het 3de jaar farmaceutische en biomedische laboratoriumtechnologie. Bevat ook de opdracht over fysiologische ziekten (epilepsie, atsma, borstkanker, diabetes type 2 en multiple sclerosis)

Preview 4 out of 102  pages

  • January 12, 2021
  • 102
  • 2020/2021
  • Summary
avatar-seller
Toegepaste farmacologie
Overzichtstabel antibiotica ........................................................................................................... 6
Antimicrobiële stoffen.................................................................................................................. 7
Keuze antibiotica (AB) ................................................................................................................... 7
1 Invloedsfactoren op de werking van een antimicrobiële stof ..................................................... 7
1.1 Gevoeligheid van het micro-organisme .............................................................................. 7
1.2 Groeifase van een micro-organisme .................................................................................. 8
1.3 Natuurlijk afweermechanisme .......................................................................................... 8
1.4 Andere factoren ............................................................................................................... 8
2 Keuze van het antibioticum ..................................................................................................... 8
2.1 Gevoeligheid van de kiem! ................................................................................................ 8
2.2 Toxiciteit van het AB......................................................................................................... 8
2.3 Distributie van het AB....................................................................................................... 8
2.4 Toestand patiënt .............................................................................................................. 9
2.5 Interacties tussen AB ........................................................................................................ 9
2.5.1 Doel van gebruik van meerdere AB ............................................................................. 9
2.5.2 Algemene regel:........................................................................................................10
2.5.3 OEFENINGEN: ...........................................................................................................10
2.6 Bijwerkingen ...................................................................................................................12
2.7 Posologie ........................................................................................................................12
2.8 Eliminatie van GM ...........................................................................................................13
Resistentiemechanismen ..............................................................................................................14
1. Mogelijke resistentiemechanismen........................................................................................14
2. Natuurlijk >< verworven resistentie .......................................................................................14
3. Mutationele resistentie .........................................................................................................14
4. Transfereerbare resistentie ...................................................................................................15
Werkingsmechanisme antibiotica..................................................................................................17
Overzicht werking van antibiotica..............................................................................................17
Groep 1: inhibitoren van de celwandsynthese ............................................................................18
1. Βèta-lactam antibiotica: werkingsmechanisme....................................................................18
2. Βèta-lactam antibiotica: resistentiemechanismen ...............................................................20
3. Soorten bèta-lactam antibiotica: Penicillines.......................................................................20
4. Andere bèta-lactam antibiotica: bij resistentie te gebruiken ................................................21
4.1 Cefalosporines............................................................................................................21
4.2 Carbapenems ..............................................................................................................21
4.3 Monobactams .............................................................................................................21
5. toepassingen: streptokokkeninfecties.................................................................................22


1

, 5.1 Staphylococcus aureus .................................................................................................22
5.2 Staphylococcus aureus – Folliculitis & furonkel..............................................................22
5.3 Staphylococcus aureus – Paronychium..........................................................................22
5.4 Streptococcus pyogenes – Angina pultacea (“witte angine”) ..........................................23
5.3 Streptococcus pyogenes – Peritonsillair abces ...............................................................23
5.4 Streptococcus pyogenes / Staphylococcus aureus – Impetigo.........................................23
5.5 Streptococcus pyogenes/ Streptococcus pneumoniae: Otitis media acuta.......................23
5.6 Staphylococcus aureus / Streptococcus pneumoniae – Conjuctivitis ...............................24
5.7 Staphylococcus aureus / Streptococcus pneumonia: Sinusitis .........................................24
5.8 Streptococcus pneumonia (“pneumokok”) ....................................................................24
5.9 Streptococcus pneumoniae – Meningitis.......................................................................25
5.10 Streptococcus pneumoniae – Pneumonie....................................................................25
5.11 Streptococcus pneumoniae: Vaccinatie .......................................................................26
5.12 Pseudomonas aeruginosa...........................................................................................26
6 Resistentie .........................................................................................................................27
6.1 Resistentie: MRSA .......................................................................................................27
6.2 Resistentie-ontwikkeling bij β-lactam AB.......................................................................28
6.3 Penicillinase of β-lactamasen........................................................................................29
6.4 Breedspectrum β-lactamasen.......................................................................................29
6.5 Extended spectrum β-lactamasen (ESBL).......................................................................29
6.6 Metallo-β-lactamasen of carbapenemasen....................................................................29
6.7 NDM-1: soort van metallo-β-lactamase.........................................................................29
6.8 Behandeling multiresistente gram- bacterie ..................................................................30
6.9 Consequenties, opties, toekomst ..................................................................................30
7 Glycopeptiden ...................................................................................................................30
CASUS: .................................................................................................................................31
Groep 2: Inhibitoren van de eiwitsynthese .................................................................................31
1 Aminoglycosiden................................................................................................................32
2 Tetracyclines......................................................................................................................32
3 Macroliden ........................................................................................................................33
CASUS: .................................................................................................................................34
Groep 3: AB die de membraanintegriteit verstoren ....................................................................34
1 Polymyxines.......................................................................................................................34
Groep 4: Competitieve inhibitie.................................................................................................34
Groep 5: Inhibitie DNA en RNA synthese....................................................................................35
1 Activiteiten ter hoogte van de DNA-structuur ......................................................................35
1.1 Inhibitoren van DNA gyrase ..........................................................................................35
1.2 Neisseria meningitidis: Meningokokkenmeningitis.........................................................37

2

, 2 activiteiten ter hoogte van de RNA-synthese .......................................................................37
2.1 inhibitoren van DNA transcriptie ..................................................................................37
Tuberculose .............................................................................................................................37
Tuberculostatica ...................................................................................................................38
Tuberculose: voorkomen.......................................................................................................38
Tuberculose opsporen...........................................................................................................38
CASUS: .................................................................................................................................39
Gevoeligheidsbehandelingen en bepaling van resistentie ...............................................................40
1 gevoeligheidsbepalingen ........................................................................................................40
1.1 Keuze antibiotica.............................................................................................................40
1.2 In vitro-testen: Labo MIC-bepaling & dosering ..................................................................40
1.2 Dilutiemethode ...............................................................................................................41
1.2.1 Klassieke MIC bepaling..............................................................................................41
1.2.2 ATB methode............................................................................................................41
1.3 Diffusiemethode .............................................................................................................42
1.3.1 Kirby-Bauer ..............................................................................................................44
1.3.2 Neo-sensitabs-methode (Rosco) ................................................................................44
1.4 Epsilon-test (E-test) .........................................................................................................45
2 Screening en confirmatie ESBL’s .............................................................................................45
2.1 Opsporen ESBL met DDST ................................................................................................46
2.2 Opsporen ESBL met CDDST ..............................................................................................47
2.3 Opsporen ESBL met E-test................................................................................................47
2.4 Cica beta test ..................................................................................................................48
2.5 Sensitiviteit en specificiteit...............................................................................................48
3 ESBL testen van opdracht.......................................................................................................48
3.1 Overzicht β-lactamasen ...................................................................................................48
3.2 VTEK 2 test......................................................................................................................49
3.3 DDS20 & DDS30 ..............................................................................................................50
3.4 ESBL E-test ......................................................................................................................50
Antimycotica ...............................................................................................................................52
1 Soorten mycosen (= schimmelinfecties) ..................................................................................52
2 Werkingsmechanismen antimycotica......................................................................................52
2.1 Polyenen.........................................................................................................................53
2.2 Echinocandinen...............................................................................................................53
2.3 Azoolderivaten................................................................................................................53
2.3.1 Orale candidiosis (spruw) ..........................................................................................53
2.3.2 Luierdermatitis .........................................................................................................54
2.4 Terbinafine .....................................................................................................................54

3

, 2.4.1 Tinea (ringworm) ......................................................................................................54
Antiparasitaire middelen .............................................................................................................55
Introductie...................................................................................................................................55
1 Varkenszweepworm bij IBD....................................................................................................57
2 Kuren met een lintworm? ......................................................................................................57
2.1 Therapie voor lintwormen ...............................................................................................57
3 Vlooienbom...........................................................................................................................58
3.1 Behandeling....................................................................................................................58
3.2 Voorkomen.....................................................................................................................58
4 Helminthen in de strijd tegen auto-immuunziekten (vb MS)/allergieën en chronische
inflammaties............................................................................................................................59
4.1 Multiple sclerosis (MS).....................................................................................................59
4.2 Astma en allergieën.........................................................................................................59
Overzicht parasieten en hun behandeling ......................................................................................60
1 Giardia lamblia = Giardiasis ....................................................................................................60
1.1 Bergen outbreak, 2004 (Noorwegen) ................................................................................60
1.2 Symptomen ....................................................................................................................61
1.3 Preventie ........................................................................................................................61
1.4 Behandeling....................................................................................................................61
1.5 Interacties.......................................................................................................................62
2 Entamoeba histolytica = amoebiasis .......................................................................................62
2.1 Behandeling....................................................................................................................63
3 Trypanosoma sp = slaapziekte ................................................................................................63
3.1 Trypanosoma brucei gambiense en rhodensiense ..............................................................63
3.2 Trypanosoma brucei gambiense .......................................................................................63
3.3 Verloop ziekte .................................................................................................................64
3.4 Preventie ........................................................................................................................64
3.5 Behandeling....................................................................................................................64
4 Toxoplasma gondii = toxoplasmose ........................................................................................64
4.1 Symptomen ....................................................................................................................65
4.2 Preventie ........................................................................................................................65
4.3 Behandeling....................................................................................................................65
4.4 Toxoplasma als stille manipulator.....................................................................................66
5 Enterobius vermicularis = aarsmade ........................................................................................66
5.1 Symptomen en preventie.................................................................................................67
5.2 Behandeling....................................................................................................................67
5.3 Interacties & voorzorgen .................................................................................................67
6 Cryptosporidium parvum = Cryptosporidiose ...........................................................................68

4

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller heleen_t. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $9.11. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

67474 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
$9.11  1x  sold
  • (0)
  Add to cart