Hoofdstuk 2: de ecologische kringloop
Het bruto binnenlands product (bbp) = bruto binnenlands inkomen
Productie = inkomen
Economische kringloop
Bruto-investeringen:
1. Vervangingsinvesteringen: in vaste kapitaalgoederen die meerdere jaren meegaan. Via
afschrijvingen.
2. Uitbreidingsinvesteringen: ook vaste activa maar als gevolg meer productie (netto-investeringen)
3. Investeringen in voorraden: langere vraag (netto-investeringen)
EV = effectieve vraag = bestedingen = C + I + O + E - M
EV —> W —> Y
EV = W = Y in euro’s
Dus als EV = Y dan Y = C + I + O + E - M (C + I + O is nationale bestedingen)
Y=C+S+B
Dus C + S + B = C + I + O + E - M
—> S = I + O - B + E - M
Spaargeld wordt gebruikt om de investeringen van een bedrijf te financieren, om de saldo van de
overheid te financieren en om het saldo van het buitenland te financieren.
O - B is overheidstekort/saldo overheid
E - M is saldo lopende rekening/saldo buitenland
S - I + B - O = E - M —> nationaal spaarsaldo
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