Summary
Antibiotic resistance summary (A-Level 2nd Year)
- Course
- Institution
Antibiotic resistance summary
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
z1
Content preview
Antibiotic Resistance Antibiotics = Recovery from wounds + other infections
Antibiotic resistance = biggest threats to global health
How do antibiotics work
Antibiotics = chemicals that kill bacteria (penicillin, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin,
vancomycin)
Many work by stopping peptidoglycan/murein molecules in bacterial cell wall
actually linking together to make solid strong wall around bacteria when cell division
has ended.
How bacteria become antibiotic resistant
By producing enzymes that break down antibiotics, which decrease number of
protein channels that let antibiotics in.
Another way is changing receptor on cell membrane.
These proteins are coded for by genes, often as plasmids (tiny circles of DNA).
These genes are shared between bacteria and then alleles can be passed down to
future generations, so they become antibiotic resistant.
Natural selection
1. Variation In population, (individuals of SAME species living in the same area
at the same time + share same genes)
2. Because of mutations (random) – make different alleles of specific genes,
(different versions of the same gene).
3. Selection pressure from the environment causes,
4. Only those with most advantageous alleles survive + reproduce,
5. Advantageous alleles passed to future generations; so, frequency of
advantageous alleles increase,
6. Proportion of population best adapted increase
Antibiotic Resistance
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller z1. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.09. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67474 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now