Hoofdstuk 6 structuur en functies van het zenuwstelsel. hoofdstuk 7 sensomotoriek. hoofdstuk 9 gewaa
January 19, 2021
37
2020/2021
Summary
Subjects
hersencirculatie
symptomen verklaard
baansystemen
neurofysiologie
neurofysiologie in actie
neuranatomie
motorisch leren
fysiotherapie
cna
anatomie fysiologie
anatomie
fysiologie
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Saxion Hogeschool (Saxion)
Fysiotherapie
Anatomie En Fysiologie CNA (ANATOMIEENFYSIOLOGIEKENNISTOETSCNA)
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2020/2021
Kennistoets CNA
Anatomie-Fysiologie
SAMENVATTING FYSIOTHERAPIE LEERJAAR 2 ~ CNA
AMBER TEN HARTOG
SAXION HOGESCHOOL
,Neuroanatomie hoofdlijnen.......................................................................................................6
Centraal en perifeer zenuwstelsel..........................................................................................6
Perifere zenuwen................................................................................................................6
Waar liggen cellichamen van neuronen?............................................................................6
Prikkeltransport......................................................................................................................6
Afferent/ efferent................................................................................................................6
Transport van prikkels in het centrale zenuwstelsel..........................................................6
Motorisch en sensorisch systeem.......................................................................................7
Sensoriek en sensibiliteit....................................................................................................7
Animaal en vegetatief zenuwstelsel.......................................................................................7
Animaal zenuwstelsel..........................................................................................................7
Vegetatief zenuwstelsel......................................................................................................7
Modellen van het zenuwstelsel..............................................................................................7
Reflexmodel........................................................................................................................7
Kabels- en banenmodel......................................................................................................7
Hiërarchisch of fylogenetisch model...................................................................................8
Functionele anatomie.............................................................................................................9
Anatomische begrippen..........................................................................................................9
Ruggenmerg............................................................................................................................9
Grijze stof............................................................................................................................9
Spinale zenuwen.................................................................................................................9
Witte stof.............................................................................................................................9
Hersenstam...........................................................................................................................10
Hersenzenuwen................................................................................................................10
Regelcentra......................................................................................................................10
Cerebellum............................................................................................................................10
Diëncefalon...........................................................................................................................11
Thalamus...........................................................................................................................12
Subthalamus......................................................................................................................12
Hypothalamus...................................................................................................................12
Telencefalon..........................................................................................................................12
Functies.............................................................................................................................12
Witte stof...........................................................................................................................13
Hersenschors en hogere hersenfuncties..............................................................................13
Structuur van de hersenschors.............................................................................................13
, Lokalisatie van functies.........................................................................................................13
Sensoriek...........................................................................................................................13
Sensibele homonculus..................................................................................................14
Projectie van andere sensorische modaliteiten...........................................................14
Primaire, secundaire en tertiaire schorsgebieden........................................................14
Motoriek............................................................................................................................14
Secundaire en tertiaire motorische schors...................................................................14
Executieve functies.......................................................................................................15
Linkerhemisfeer................................................................................................................15
Taal................................................................................................................................15
Rechterhemisfeer..............................................................................................................16
Ruimtelijke, creatieve en non-verbale processen........................................................16
Andere functies in de rechterhemisfeer.......................................................................16
Hersencirculatie........................................................................................................................16
Hersenvliezen........................................................................................................................16
Hard vlies...........................................................................................................................16
Zacht vlies..........................................................................................................................16
Spinnenwebvlies...............................................................................................................16
Liquor................................................................................................................................16
Arteriële vaatvoorziening......................................................................................................17
Veneuze drainage hersenen.................................................................................................17
Aanvoerende vaten...............................................................................................................17
Verzorgingsgebieden............................................................................................................17
Symptomen verklaard...............................................................................................................18
Adequate prikkel...................................................................................................................18
Adaptievermogen..................................................................................................................18
Werkterrein...........................................................................................................................19
Somatosensoriek en sensibiliteit..........................................................................................19
Stereognosie.....................................................................................................................19
Vitale en gnostische sensibiliteit.......................................................................................19
Proprioceptie.........................................................................................................................19
Proprioceptie en sensoren van het bewegingsapparaat..................................................19
Sensoren van het bewegingsapparaat..........................................................................20
Sensomotorische integratie..................................................................................................20
De spierspoel.........................................................................................................................20
, Bouw.............................................................................................................................20
Soorten intrafusale vezels.........................................................................................21
Afferente innervatie..................................................................................................21
Werking van de spierspoel tijdens passieve lengteverandering..................................21
Motorische invloed op de spierspoel............................................................................22
Efferente innervatie..................................................................................................22
Werking van de spierspoel tijdens contractie van de spier..........................................22
Functie van de spierspoel.............................................................................................22
Pees- en gewrichtssensoren.............................................................................................23
Peessensoren................................................................................................................23
Sensomotorische integratie..................................................................................................23
Reflexen.............................................................................................................................23
Archiniveu.........................................................................................................................23
De myotatische reflex...................................................................................................23
De reflexboog............................................................................................................24
Langelusreflexen.......................................................................................................24
Fasische reflexactiviteit.............................................................................................24
Functie van fasische reflexactiviteit..........................................................................24
Versterking van fasische reflexactiviteit...................................................................24
Tonische reflexactiviteit............................................................................................24
-activiteit...............................................................................................................25
De peesreflex................................................................................................................25
Myotatische reflex versus peesreflex.......................................................................25
De flexie- of terugtrekreflex..........................................................................................25
Reflexboog................................................................................................................25
De gekruiste strekreflex................................................................................................26
De positieve steunreflex...............................................................................................26
Labyrintreflexen............................................................................................................26
Reflexboog................................................................................................................26
Tonische nekreflexen....................................................................................................26
Asymmetrische tonische nekreflex (ATNR)..............................................................26
Combinatie van labyrintreflexen en tonische nekreflexen.......................................26
Oprichtreflexen.............................................................................................................26
Baansystemen...........................................................................................................................27
Sensorische banen................................................................................................................27
, Achterwortel.....................................................................................................................27
Sensorische banen naar de hersenen...............................................................................27
Sensorische innervatie van het aangezicht.......................................................................27
Sensorische projectievelden in de hersenen....................................................................28
Bewustwording van sensorische signalen........................................................................28
Sensorische banen naar andere hersengebieden.............................................................28
Schakeling op ruggenmergniveau.....................................................................................28
Motorische banen.............................................................................................................28
Pyramidale baan...............................................................................................................28
Extrapyramidale baan.......................................................................................................29
Het ruggenmerg als intermediair..........................................................................................29
Perifere motorische neuronen..........................................................................................29
Neurofysiologie in actie............................................................................................................29
Paleoniveau...........................................................................................................................29
Automatische motoriek....................................................................................................29
Basale kernen................................................................................................................29
Paleocerebellum...........................................................................................................30
Emotionele motoriek................................................................................................30
Neoniveau.............................................................................................................................31
Basistonus, faciliteren en inhiberen.....................................................................................32
Bewustzijn.............................................................................................................................33
Formatio reticularis, ARAS en DRAS..................................................................................33
Opstijgende banen........................................................................................................33
Afdalende banen...........................................................................................................33
Het emotionele niveau..........................................................................................................33
Limbisch systeem..............................................................................................................33
Emoties en gedrag.........................................................................................................33
Leren..............................................................................................................................34
Plasticiteit en leren...............................................................................................................34
Sensitisatie en habituatie..................................................................................................34
Geheugen..........................................................................................................................34
Motorisch leren.........................................................................................................................34
Motorische sturingsmodellen...............................................................................................34
Motorisch leren.....................................................................................................................35
(Her)scholing van motoriek...............................................................................................35
, Motorische controle.............................................................................................................35
Stadia van motorische controle........................................................................................36
De drie mobiliteits vlakken:..............................................................................................36
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