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POLI 243 Lecture 14 Notes
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POLI 243 Lecture 14 Notes: Canada's National Policy
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Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
What were the consequences of Britain repealing the Corn Laws?
Answer: - Opened up their economy to international competition - Britain\'s economy would do very well in the 1850s/60s - Other countries saw this, and wanted to replicate it. - As a result, we saw classical liberalism spread from Britain other areas - ^this is a Constructivist explanation for why free trade was adopted elsewhere.
2.
What was the Elgin Treaty (1854)?
Answer: - Treaty between the United States and Canada (the British were still involved in negotiating these sorts of things, so it is not a surprise that the treaty stresses free trade, as Britain was pursuing free trade at home) - Builds off Repeal of the Corn Laws - Resolved some issues between the two countries - However, the United States would go down a different path (this was a function of the Civil War)
3.
What were Canada’s Endowments in the late 1800s?
Answer: Canada was relatively poor in capital and labor, but rich in land - Canada has a very small population relative to a huge amount of land. - In the 1870s, the prairie provinces did not exist yet; Canada had a great deal of land, and had to decide where to settle. Conflict occurred with Metis and other peoples living on those lands as Canada exercised authority over them. - In terms of capital per worker, Canada also scores low.
4.
What does the Stolper-Samuelson Model say about cleavages in Canada in the 1800s?
Answer: Stolper-Samuelson: urban/rural cleavage - Essentially the reverse of what we saw in Britain in the 1840s; there are two factors of productions that are relatively scarce (capital, labour) but rich in land. - Thus according to Stolper-Samuelson, it is the rural landowners that will desire free trade, while the people in the cities (capitalists, labourers) prefer protection.
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