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Samenvatting Functioneren bij neurologische aandoeningen
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neurale controlemechanisme als onderdeel vak
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NEURALE CONTROLEMECHANISMEN VAN DE GANGCENTRALE PATROON GENERATOREN
STUREN VAN BEWEGINGEN
Hoe?
Willekeurige en bewuste bewegingen corticospinale baan
o Motorische cortex motorisch signaal ruggenmerg perifere zenuwen
DE GANG
Armen + benen cyclisch bewegen
Gekruiste coördinatie
o 1 arm beweging + 1 been bewegingen
Linkerbeen + rechter arm
Rechterbeen + linkerarm
NEURALE CONTROLE GANG
Dieren (kip) lopen zonder hoofd (= zonder motorische cortex)
Meer caudale gebieden zenuwstelsel automatische ritme gang
Dieren
Neuronale netwerken ruggenmerg ritmische bewegingen ledematen
o Deze netwerken = centrale patroon generatoren (CPG’S)
Functie: genereren alternerende activiteit flexoren en extensoren
ledematen
zo onbewuste sturing wandelen
, CPG’S
Output (bewegingen) genereren zonder sensorische feedback ledematen
o Afferente invloeden centraal gegenereerde patroon sterk beïnvloeden
Afferente input lidmaat switch ene fase gang naar volgende
Afhankelijk sectie hoe goed dier wandelen
Meer caudaal = moeilijker wandelen
Sectie lijn A kat spontaan wandelen
Sectie lijn B,C of lager training nodig of stimulatie bepaalde hersenregio’s (bv.
Hersenstam)
Hoe meer motorische regio’s hersenstam in connectie staan CPG’S
o Meer kwaliteitsvol gang patroon
Belangrijkste regio’s locomotie
Subthalamische locomotorische regio’s = SMR
Mecencephalische locomotorische regio = MLR
o Stimulatie bij katten sterkste effect
Cerebellaire locomotorische regio = CLR
Geeft aan
o Mecencephalische en subthalamiche regio’s
Voor andere soorten locomotie instaan
o SMR trage verkennende locomotie
o MLR pure locomotie en initiatie vluchtgedrag
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