Degree of ionization: the closer the pKa of the local anesthetic is to tissue pH, the
more rapid the onset time.
If the drug's pKa is the same as the pH of the solution it is dissolved in, then 50% of
the drug exists ionized and 50% exists nonionized. As the pH of the solution changes,
the state of ionization changes as well.
Geprotoneerde vorm: kan niet snel door membraan
Cellulaire opname
Carrier-gemedieerd transport
Gefaciliteerde diffusie: met concentratiegradient mee (niet E afhankelijk)
Actief transport: tegen concentratiegradient in
substraat specifiek
Opname uit omgeving in het bloed naar organen naar extravasale ruimte
doorbloeding orgaan
Structuur van capillairen
, Opname in het organisme: via
Maagdarmkanaal
Ademhaling
Huid
Maagdarmkanaal
Orale inname: buccale resorptie via mond + slokdarm maag darmstelsel
rectum
Cellulaire opname: via passieve diffusie + pH gradient
Organen: goede barriere, dik door buitenste hoornlaag, keratine, geen bloed
Toxicokinetische fase: distributie
First-pass metabolisme
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