Summary Chemistry As and A level- Halogenoalkanes (Halogen Derivatives)
41 views 0 purchase
Course
Chemistry 9701
Institution
CIE
Book
Cambridge International AS and A Level Chemistry Coursebook with CD-ROM
16.1 Introduction to Halogenoalkanes
16.2 Reactions of Halogenoalkanes
16.3 Uses of Halogenoalkanes
Learning outcomes:
(a) recall the chemistry of halogenoalkanes as exemplified by
(i) the following nucleophilic substitution reactions of bromoethane: hydrolysis, formation of
nitriles, forma...
Lecture notes Unit 1 - Atoms, molecules and stoichiometry Cambridge International AS and A Level Chemistry Coursebook with CD-ROM
A2 level organic chemistry notes
A2 level chemistry notes
All for this textbook (63)
Written for
A/AS Level
CIE
Chemistry
Chemistry 9701
All documents for this subject (5)
Seller
Follow
fulfillmenthouse
Content preview
CHAPTER 16: Halogen Derivatives
16.1 Introduction to Halogenoalkanes
16.2 Reactions of Halogenoalkanes
16.3 Uses of Halogenoalkanes
Learning outcomes:
(a) recall the chemistry of halogenoalkanes as exemplified by
(i) the following nucleophilic substitution reactions of bromoethane: hydrolysis, formation of
nitriles, formation of primary amines by reaction with ammonia.
(ii) the elimination of hydrogen bromide from 2-bromopropane.
(b) describe the mechanism of nucleophilic substitution (by both SN1 and SN2 mechanisms) in
halogenoalkanes.
(c) interpret the different reactivities of halogenoalkanes(with particular reference to hydrolysis and
to the relative strengths of the C-Hal bonds).
(d) explain the uses of fluoroalkanes and fluorohalogenoalkanes in terms of their relative chemical
inertness.
(e) recognise the concern about the effect of chlorofluoroalkanes on the ozone layer.
, 16.1 Introduction to Halogenoalkaes
What are halogenoalkanes?
1) Halogenoalkanes(or alkyl halides) are compounds in which one or more hydrogen
atoms in an alkane have been replaced by halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine,
bromine or iodine).
2) Halogenoalkanes can be classified as primary, secondary or tertiary
depending on the number of alkyl groups(R groups) attached to the carbon
atom holding the halogen atom.
1) i. Boiling point of the halogenoalkanes
increases as the molecular size
increases. This is because there are
more electrons in larger molecules
and more temporary dipoles can
be set up, resulting in stronger van der
Waal's forces.
ii. Primary halogenoalkanes have higher boiling point compared to secondary
and tertiary halogenoalkanes of the same molecular weight. This is because
the surface area of primary halogenoalkanes is higher, more
temporary dipoles can be set up, resulting in stronger van der Waal's forces.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller fulfillmenthouse. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $4.52. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
