Zieken van het spijsverteringsstel
1. Ziekten van slokdarm, maag en darm
1.1 GOTziekte of pathologische GOR
Wat?
Terugvloei van maaginhoud in slokdarm
Pathologisch wanneer gepaard gaande met symptomen en/of slijmvliesletsel (oesofagitis)
Symptomen
Typisch: zuurbranden, bittere en/of zure oprispingen
Atypisch: keelpijn, rauwe stem, chronische hoest, slaapstoornissen, pijn op de borst
Geen verband tussen ernst van de reflux en ernst van de klachten
Verwikkelingen
Bloeding: bloedbraken (hematemesis), zwarte stoelgang (melaena)
Grote hoeveelheden bloedverlies kunnen leiden tot hypovolemische shock
Kleine hoeveelheden bloedverlies hoeven niet op te vallen occult bloedverlies via de stoelgang) maar
kunnen wel leiden tot anemie
Perforatie leidend tot algemene peritonitis: “acute buik”, kenmerkend door hevige pijn, spierverzet,
stilliggen van de darmen (ileus)
1.5 Infectieuze diarree
Wat?
Frequente ontlasting van dunne stoelgang, veroorzaakt door micro-organismen
Oorzaken
Virussen (vb. Rotavirus); bacteriën (vb. Shigella, Salmonella); parasieten
Via besmette handen of voorwerpen; via besmet voedsel of water
Symptomen
Niet-invasieve darminfecties: waterige diarree
Invasie darminfecties: bloederige en slijmerige diarree, vaak koorts
Chaimae Tazrouti 2020 - 2021
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