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Summary Part 3 -- Language and cognition
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This is a summary of part 3 Language and cognition of Evolutionary Development. With all of my summaries for this course I passed it with an 7,7 !
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Language and cognitionLanguage and cognition distinguish us from other animals in animal kingdom
Stepwise of evolution of cognition
Sensations perceptions imaginations the inner world the inner world of
others self-consciousness language
Sensations
Direct experience consists of sensations: taste, smell, dolour, itching, pain, cold,
warmth, sound etc.
Sensations tell us what goes on in the body
Criteria for sensations:
o It is personal (e.g. discussion about what colour you see)
o The observation is localised in the body
o Modality (verhouding tussen werkelijkheid en de beschrijving van de
werkelijkheid)
o All exist in the present
Perception = sensation + simulation
Sensations alone are not sufficient to perceive the world because they only provide
fragmentary information.
Brain put all the pieces of information together to get a representation of the world:
o Joining sensations of different modalities
o Add missing information
o Complement (vult aan) information form past experience
Perception even without sensation
Perception = simulation – this is called uncoupled representation
o Memories, (day)dreams, talk to yourself, fantasy, hallucination, wishes
Imaginations
What we see, hear etc. is a simulation of reality (virtual reality glasses)
The better the simulation the more useful it is.
Homo sapiens were selected for making good perceptions
The inner world – uncoupled representation
If you can represent the world in your mind you can simulate the effect of your
actions
Advantage: less risky than learning by trial-and-error
Inner world: the total of uncoupled representations and the processes involved
The inner world of somebody else
Theory of mind: to have a representation of somebody else’s representations
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