LEARNING PACKAGE ONE CHW3M1
General Instructions: This Learning Package is meant to be completed as we progress through the Unit. You will gather
information from in-class lessons, textbook readings, videos, notes, class discussions and various learning activities.
Historical Content -- Background Knowledge
Concepts, Events and People to Know
Provide either the correct term [where appropriate] or a concise definition or explanation. Where appropriate provide an
example.
Historical or Cultural Bias Judging or analyzing based on personal standards created by own cultural norms and
present day views.
Example: Viewing Neanderthals as intelligent because of present day knowledge and
cultural norms.
Stratigraphy The analysis of the order and position of layers of archaeological remains.
Primary Sources First hand accounts, documents or evidence.
Example: Anne Frank's Diary would be a primary resource to what her life was like.
The Great Leap Forward About 35,000 years ago according to archeological findings there was a burst of creative
innovations in art and technology.
Mary Leakey British paleoanthropologist who discovered many archaeological discoveries on early
humans
Such as an Australopithecus fossil. Mary Leakly changed the scientific community by
documenting early human artifacts in Africa, when it was once thought Asia was the land
of early humans.
Secondary Sources Documents written or sources created after an event has occurred, providing secondhand
accounts of that event, person, or topic.
Hammurabi Sixth king of the First Babylonian dynasty reigning from 1792 BCE to 1750 BCE. Most
known for creating a code of laws called The Code Of Hammurabi. This code of law was
used to regulate Mesopotamian society.
Ziggurats A rectangular stepped tower, sometimes surmounted by a temple erected by the
Sumerians, Akkadians, and Babylonians in Mesopotamia.
Gilgamesh and Enkidu Gilgamesh was a king in Uruk, Baylonia. He was said to be ⅔ god and ⅓ man. As a result he thought
he could control and do anything so he slept with brides before their husbands, etc. His kingdom
suffered from his overzealous leadership. The gods heard people complaining and made Enkidu
who lived among the animals and was equal in strength to Gilgamesh. When they both met they
fought but after Gilgamesh respected Enkidu Strength and they became friends till Enkidu dies.
Cuneiform wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia, Persia, and
Ugarit. Archeological evidence of this writing system has been found on clay tablets and
stone pillars
Criteria for “Civilization” specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping, advanced technology, and
advanced cities.
Neanderthals an extinct species of human that was widely distributed in ice-age Europe between circa
120,000–35,000 years ago, with a receding forehead and prominent brow ridges
Cro-Magnon Man Anatomically modern humans who lived at the end of the last ice age 50,000-10,000
years ago.
Hammurabi 18th century BCE. or earlier, king of Babylonia famous for a set of codified laws that give us
insight into the lives of people living in the Fertile Crescent.
Neolithic Revolution Drastic change in the way of life of early humans. Example: From hunting and gathering to
planting/farming and domesticating animals. Nomadic to sedentary.
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