- witte stof ziet wit door aanwezige myeline (gemyeliniseerde axonen) => drukke snelweg waarover signalen worden
vervoerd
Myeline is vetachtige isolatielaag, vet is wit (denk aan vlees)
- grijze stof bevat neuronale cellichamen, dendrieten en ongemyeliniseerde axonen, axonuiteinden en neuroglia
Bij de hersenen omgekeerd :
Witte stof Grijze stof
Dorsaal= kant van de rug (dos) Ventraal = kan van de buik (ventre)
Dwarsletsel:
Schade aan het ruggenmerg
• Langs beide zijden (<-> hersenschade)
• Hoe hoger, hoe meer lichaamsdelen aangetast
– Bv. Schade in hals kan verlamming 4 ledematen tot gevolg hebben (tetraplegie)
– Bv. schade ter hoogte van schouderbladen verlamming of gevoelloosheid onderste ledematen
(paraplegie)
• Complete dwarslaesie: zenuwbanen op bepaalde plaats volledig onderbroken ih ruggenmerg
• Incomplete dwarslaesie: slechts gedeelte vd zenuwbanen op een bepaald niveau onderbroken
Zenuwcellen regeneren niet!
Schade aan beide kanten vh lichaam hersenletsel: schade aan één zijde
Dorsale banen => sensorische banen
Motorische manen => motorische problemen
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