South African Timeline:
1913: Government attempted to enforce passes on women
1940s: Resistance becomes more rigid
1941: Food Canning Workers Union(FCWU) established by Ray Alexander
1944: ANC Women’s League and ANC Youth League
18 December 1946: Steve Biko is born
1948: National Party comes to power
1950-1970: women played an integral role in challenging apartheid politics and
policies in SA
1950s: Active resistance
1952: Native Abolition of Passes and Co-ordination of Documents Act was enacted
1953: BANTU Education system began
1954: Federation of South African Women(FEDSAW/FSAW)
1955: South African Congress of Trade Unions(SACTU)
1955: Black Sash/ The Women’s Defence of the Constitution League
October 1955: Passes would be issued to women beginning in January 1956
March 1956: Passes were first issued in the Orange Free State in Winburg
9 August 1956: protest organised by FEDSAW, 20 000 women came to the Union
Buildings in Pretoria
1959: Cato Manor, near Durban became the site of the large-scale protests against
the “BANTU authorities”
June 1959: 2000 women marched to express their grievances. Others entered a
beer hall and destroyed the beer. They organised a beer boycott which led to wide-
scaled uprisings all over Natal.
June 1959: British Anti-Apartheid Movement (AAM) was formed
1960: Labour Party in Britain declared it ‘Africa Year’
1960s: ‘Silent Sixties’
1960s: Armed resistance
November 1962: UN attempts to impose economic sanctions and isolations on SA
21 March 1960: Sharpeville Massacre- commemorated as Human Rights Day
↳ The day that the banning of the parties occurs
1963: Britain stops selling arms to SA- arms embargo
1963: Irish Anti-Apartheid Movement (IAMM) was formed
October 1963: United Nations adopted a resolution calling on South Africa to
release all of its political prisoners
1964: SA did not attend Olympics
1966: Steve Biko enters the Medical School of the University of Natal
1968: Black students formed SASO
1970s-1980s: boycotts and disinvestments
1970s: Change starts
1972: Black People’s Convention is formed
1973: World Oil Crisis
1973: Biko’s first ban
1973: Massive strike in Durban regarding the increase in food prices
1975: BANTU Education is made Strict
1975: Mozambique and Angola became Independent
1975: Biko arrested
1975: Inkatha Freedom Party is formed
16 June 1976: Soweto uprising
17 June 1976: Students did not return to school → joined the fight
1977: Sullivan Principles attempted to encourage economic sanctions on SA
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller cameronsolarsh. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $2.84. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.