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Israel Factsheet/Summary
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Outline of History/Contemporary debate surrounding the State of Israel.
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Case Study: Palestine/Israel1. Historic Timeline1
Following World War I and the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, The League of Nations
creates a British Mandate for Palestine. Under this mandate, plans are drawn for the
creation of a Jewish State.
After World War II, the British terminate the Mandate and responsibility for the area is
passed to the UN. In 1947, the UN GA approves a partition plan for the creation of
separate Jewish and Arab states. Israel declares independence in 1948, and the 1948
Arab-Israeli War ensues. As a result of the war, the lands of Palestine not belonging to
Israel are divided amongst Syria, Jordan, and Egypt.
As a result of the Six Day War in 1967, Israel captures the lands known as the West
Bank and Gaza Strip from Jordan and Egypt, respectively.
The Oslo Accords are signed in 1993, establishing the Palestinian National Authority,
which is to hold limited administrative control over certain parts of the occupied
territories.
In 2005, Israel evacuates all Jewish settlements from the Gaza Strip.
2. Population2
Population figures are a contentious issue with regards to Palestine/Israel. Specifically,
there is debate over the amount of Arabs living in “Palestine” around the turn of the 20th
century when Zionist immigration began. Further, there is the question of population
figures at the time of Israeli independence in 1948, and consequently the amount of
Arab refugees forced to leave Israel. The official UN tally of refugees at the time of
Israeli independence is 711,000.
Current relevant population numbers are:
o Israel has a population of 6.4 million, with 1.6 Arab minorities.
o Gaza Strip has a population just under 1.5 million
o West Bank has a population of 2.5 million, of which perhaps 200,000 are Jewish
settlers.
3. The legal framework
Legal Sources in Israel
Israel has ratified the most important international human rights conventions, which
contain minority rights protections mainly the two Covenants and The CRC, and is
bounded by the Draft Declaration and the ILO 169.3
Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, the protection of human rights has
fallen to the judiciary, for Israel has no formal constitution or Bill of Rights. The
Judiciary is guided by the closest thing you come to a constitution, namely The Basic
Laws.
1
http://www.mideastweb.org/timeline
2
Population numbers from the CIA World Factbook, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-
factbook/
3
Arab association of Human Rights
1
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