Unit 2H.2 - The USA, 1955-92: conformity and challenge
Institution
PEARSON (PEARSON)
Book
History for Edexcel A Level: Democracies in change: Britain and the USA in the twentieth century
13 page document containing all my notes made for Key Topic 3: Social and Political change 1973-80 PLUS a revision summary sheet. These notes and revision sheet enabled me to achieve A* in History A-Level.
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PEARSON (PEARSON)
History 2015
Unit 2H.2 - The USA, 1955-92: conformity and challenge
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SOCIAL AND POLITICAL CHANGE (CLASS AND SUMMARY NOTES)
Social and Political Change 1973-80
Crisis in Political leadership
CRISIS NOT A CRISIS
Nixon and Watergate - 25 of Nixon’s aids jailed - 25 of Nixon’s aids
shows his Presidency had jailed shows that the
been involved in system works in
wrongdoing punishing those that
- War powers act 1973 had done wrong and
shows that congress they were no longer
believe the president in power
needs to be controlled - War powers act 1973
and has previously shows congress are
abused his powers able to control a
president if his
actions are out of
hand
Ford and voting - Faced humiliation with - Ford had a reputation
behaviour the fall of South for honesty helping to
Vietnam, Cambodia and establish confidence,
Laos communist forces he rejected excessive
(failure to secure peace) formality “I’m a ford
- Economic problems of not a Lincoln” –
inflation and comparing himself as
unemployment arose an ordinary person
(stagflation)
, SOCIAL AND POLITICAL CHANGE (CLASS AND SUMMARY NOTES)
- Created controversy
when he pardoned Nixon
creating a big setback
- Increased political
disillusionment
- 1976 election turnout
53% fell around 20% and
Ford lost election, voter
turnout was particularly
low in low income areas
showing his lack of
appeal to poorer
backgrounds
- Barely won his own
party’s nomination
against Ronald Reagan
Carter + Iranian Hostage - Carters lack of - Offered New informal
Crisis experience became a style of leadership
liability, he surrounded favouring BBQ’s on
himself with advisors the Whitehouse lawn
from his own state to formal dinners
known as the ‘Georgia - Early days of this
mafia’, adopted an aloof presidency he spent
style and began to visiting council
micromanage the meeting across the
government and was country – he liked to
‘difficult to work with’ be called Jimmy to
- In 1973 as a result of seem like an ‘ordinary
Yom Kippur War in guy’
Middle East global oil - Carter’s first year
prices increased fourfold unemployment fell
- Stagflation was from 8% to 7%
prominent creating - Carter hoped to
atmosphere of stimulate domestic
disillusionment in US demand to encourage
- Unemployment rose to economic recovery.
10% in 1978 - The failure to address
- Inflation rose to 13% by the USA’s economic
1980, Interest rates, cost problems was not
of borrowing money specifically aimed at
from banks was at 20% Carter, but more at
- Support for Carter fell as the general national
living standards in the US politicians
fell – his failure to return -
the US to its former
economic glory led to
general disillusionment
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