Son puntos muy claves sobre la hipertensión y la insuficiencia cardiaca, que abarca el concepto, la etiologia, fisiopatologia, manifestaciones clinicas, diagnostico y tratamiento
Se define como el nivel de
PA que sobrepasa sus riesgos PAS ≥140 mmHg o PAD ≥90 mmHg
según los resultados de medidas en consulta
estudios
Obesidad Apnea obstructiva del sueño
Alcohol Sexo Masculino
Tabaquismo Edad Avanzada
Hipokalemia Antecedentes Familiares
Alta Ingesta de Sodio Enfermedad Renal Crónica
Idiopática Secundaria
95% 5%
Causas HTA
Secundaria
La HTA sistólica aislada Típica del anciano
PAS superiores a 140 mmHg y PAD inferiores a 90 mmHg
Correlaciona con eventos cardiovasculares.
La HTA Maligna Presencia de afectación retiniana (hemorragias, exudados
+/- edema de papila)
, La HTA resistente No se consiguen reducir las cifras de PA (generalmente se
asume un objetivo < 140/90 mmHg) a pesar de cambios en
el estilo de vida y al menos tres fármacos antihipertensivos
(incluido un diurético).
La HTA de “Bata Blanca” Define pacientes con medidas normales de PA fuera de la
consulta médica, aunque con cifras elevadas
persistentemente en la consulta.
La HTA Enmascarada Define pacientes con cifras altas de PA fuera de la consulta
médica, aunque con medidas normales persistentemente en
la consulta.
Sociedad Europea de Cardiología (ESC)
Octavo Comité
Asociación Americana del Corazón (AHA)
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