AICE Psychology Exam Bundle

what is psychology? - the scientific study of behaviour and mental processes What are research methods in general? - the approaches a(an) investigator(s) uses to examine a particular topic List the things you need for research methods(7) - purpose, hypothesis, theoretical basis, sampl...

research - systematic study of a problem science - a branch of knowledge conducted on objective principles research hypothesis - a statement put forward at the beginning of a study stating what you expect to happen, generated by a theory theory - a general explanation of a set o...

Experiment - An investigation looking for a casual relationship in which an independent variable is manipulated and is expected to be responsible for changes in the dependent variable. Independent Variable - The factor under investigation in an experiment which is manipulated to create two ...

Describe the aim of Bandura's study (aggression) - to investigate whether a child would learn aggression by observing a model (and would repeat aggressive behavior in absence of the model) & whether the sex of the role model was important Describe the hypothesis of Bandura's study - - Obs...

lab experiment - These take place in a situation or environment that is artificial to the participants in the study. There are two main types of variable that need to be considered when running any experiment. strengths of lab study - have high levels of standardisation and so can be replic...

Research Methods - Experiments, Self-reports, Case studies, Observations, Correlation Experiment - An investigation in which a hypothesis is scientifically tested. (Lab, Field, and Natural) Self-Reports - Any test, measure, or survey that relies on the individual's own report of thei...

ecological validity - The extent to which a study is realistic or representative of real life. mundane realism - the extent to which experimental findings can be generalized to the real world internal validity - How well is the experiment done? less confounding variables = higher e...

State an aim of the Canli et al. Study - To show that emotive images will be remembered better than those that have little emotional impact on an individual. Evaluate Canli et al. usefulness in psychology - May be useful to advertising companies; they can use emotionally intense information...

Schachter/Singer Aims - 1) To investigate the role cognitive factors have in the experience of emotion when we are in a state of physiological arousal that has no immediate explanation. 2) When we do have an appropriate explanation for feeling physical arousal, to see whether we always label it...

CANLI ET AL. AIM - TO SHOW THAT EMOTIVE IMAGES WILL BE REMEMBERED BETTER THAN THOSE WITH LITTLE EMOTIVE IMAGES. CANLIE ET AL. METHOD & DESIGN - METHOD: LAB EXPERIMENT DESIGN: REPEATED MEASURES CANLI ET AL. SAMPLE - 10 RIGHT HANDED, HEALTHY FEMALES. GIRLS WERE CHOSEN OVER MALES AS T...

Lab Experiment - Investigation looking for a relationship in which the IV is manipulated and is expected to be reasonable for changes in the DV Strength: - High standardization -Easy to repeat for reliability - High levels of control researchers are confident IV affects the DV Weakness:...

Milgram - aim? - To investigate what level of obedience would be shown when participants were told by an authority figure to administer electric shocks to another person Milgram - participants/sample? - VOLUNTARY/SELF-SELECT 40 white males aged 20-50 from New Haven, Connecticut; wide range...

aim (Yamamoto) - to learn more about helping behavior in chimpanzees. specifically: -whether chimpanzees can understand the needs of the conspecies- members of same species. - whether chimpanzees can respond to those needs with targeted helping altruistic (Yamamoto) - acting helpfully to...

Relevant Background - Sleep is hard to study Dreaming is hard to study Psychological measures are required In 1955 - used EEG to measure brain activity and eye movement during sleep We go through several stages of sleep during the night Go in and out of REM and NREM sleep Vivid dreams a...

Dement & Kleitman - (sleep and dreams) Biological Laboratory Dement & Kleitman Background - Sleep and dreaming are hard to study because the participants are unresponsive; therefore physiological measures are needed. Prior to this study psychologists didn't know how to measure dreams, bu...

Schizophrenia - positive symptoms - delusional thinking - hallucinations negative symptoms - memory loss - lack of motivation or action Delusional Disorder - - persistent delusions - BUT HAVE NORMAL BEHAVIOR - erotomanic - grandiose - jealous - persecutory EXPLANATIONS...