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Ultimate NAADAC Study Set, 100% COVERAGE. Easy to Revise and master, comprises of Questions & Answers. Examinable sections comprehensively covered. Revision Bank.
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Ultimate NAADAC Study Set, 100% COVERAGE. Easy to Revise and master, comprises of Questions & Answers. Examinable sections comprehensively covered. Revision Bank. Adlerian Psychology - -Individual Psychology -Holistic in Nature -Humans are moving towards goals -Often self-defeating as a res...

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  • February 7, 2023
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  • 2022/2023
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Ultimate NAADAC Study Set, 100%
COVERAGE. Easy to Revise and master,
comprises of Questions & Answers.
Examinable sections comprehensively
covered. Revision Bank.

Adlerian Psychology - ✔✔-Individual Psychology

-Holistic in Nature

-Humans are moving towards goals

-Often self-defeating as a result of discouragement and inferiority feelings



Adlerian Psychology: Therapeutic Task - ✔✔Encourage clients to identify and utilize their strengths,
develop social interest and a new, more satisfying life style



Main Principles of Adlerian Psychology - ✔✔-Maintains that everyone is striving toward superiority and
perfection and must learn how to cope with inevitable inferiority feelings

-Individuals remember times they were dissatisfied with themselves and try to rise above those times to
reach a higher level of functioning



Fictional Finalism - ✔✔-Adlerian Psychology: All behavior is purposeful and self-determined and works
to accomplish the central goal of an individual's life

-Each individual is in control of their own fate and not a victim of it



Lifestyle - ✔✔-Adlerian Psychology: Refers to client's chosen method of moving through life



Phenomenology - ✔✔-An addiction counselor or other helping professional attempts to view the world
from the same frame of reference as the client to better understand the behavior of the client

,vbnm xxxx logic - ✔✔-The subjective reality as we perceive it



Social Interest - ✔✔-A component of Adlerian therapy that is an awareness of being a part of the human
community and how one interacts with the social world



Goal of Adlerian Therapy - ✔✔Further develop the client's social interest and help him or her connect
with the social world in a more meaningful way



Ways to accomplish Adlerian Therapy Goal - ✔✔Look for patterns and themes in a client's life and
identify what behaviors are leading to repetition. Re-educate the client with healthy assumptions of the
world and fictional finalism



Behavioral Therapy - ✔✔-Also referred to as behavioral modification therapy

-General approach to counseling where a client modifies his or her learned behaviors that are negatively
affecting his or her life



History of Behavioral Therapy - ✔✔-Pavlov's classical conditioning

-Skinners operant conditioning

-Bandura's social learning approach



Classical Conditioning - ✔✔A model of behavioral therapy developed by Ivan Petrovich Pavlov where a
particular response to a stimuli can be elicited overtime by association with a related stimulus



Operant Conditioning - ✔✔A model of behavioral therapy developed by B.F. Skinner where behavior is
reinforced and learned based on the consequences of the behavior



Main Principals of Behavioral Therapy - ✔✔-What is learned can be unlearned

-Certain laws or processes govern the initiation, maintenance, and cessation of behavior



Social Learning Approach - ✔✔-Also known as modeling

-People learn behavior by watching what happens to someone else in a given situation

,-If the individual finds consequences to be favorable, they are likely to mirror behavior



Contingency Management - ✔✔Where tokens or rewards are given for periods of abstinence



Community Reinforcement - ✔✔Where the client's vocation, social ties, recreational activities and
family play a role in reinforcing healthy behavior



Assertion training - ✔✔Where the client learns the skills necessary to resist negative influences and
behaviors in his or her life



Cue Exposure treatment - ✔✔Where the client is constantly Exposed to the triggers and cues that are
known to result in psychoactive substance use



Covert Sensitization - ✔✔Where the client imagines him or herself abusing a psychoactive substance,
then immediately visualized a horrible consequence because of use



Aversion Therapy - ✔✔Where psychoactive substance use is paired with a very unpleasant feeling, such
as an electric shock or nausea, in hopes that the client will associate the unpleasant feeling with the
psychoactive substance use



Brief therapy - ✔✔-An approach to therapy that includes a shorter time period and fewer sessions than
"traditional therapy"

-Founded by Freud



Principles of Brief Therapy - ✔✔-Induction phase: client makes decision to seek therapy, counselor
assesses whether the client is willing to change

-Alliance: The counselor forms an alliance with the client

Refocus/Change: Working phase

Termination/Homework: Assists with relapse prevetion. Long-term goals are set, along with long-term
homework assignments and planning

Continuation/Follow-up: Check in or follow-up appointments should be scheduled for as long as
homework is planned

, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy - ✔✔-Developed by Aaron Beck

-A method of counseling that focuses on simultaneously learning new behaviors and restructuring
automatic thoughts.



Dialectical Behavioral Therapy - ✔✔-Developed by Marsha Linehan

-A modified form of cognitive behavior therapy that combines standard CBT techniques for emotion
regulation and reality-testing with concepts of distress tolerance, acceptance, and mindful awareness
largely derived from Buddhist meditative practice.

-Developed to treat suicidal individuals who also meet the diagnosis for borderline personality disorder

-Also effective in treating other disorders including substance dependence, depression, PTSD, and eating
disorders



Main Principles of DBT: Mindfulness - ✔✔-"What" skills- Observe, describe, and participate

-"How" skills- be non-judgemental, one-mindful, and effective



Main Principles of DBT: Interpersonal effectiveness - ✔✔-Effective strategies of asking for what one
needs, saying no and coping with interpersonal conflict

-Make a change or resist changes someone else is trying to impose



Main Principles of DBT: Distress tolerance - ✔✔-Accepting, finding meaning for, and tolerating distress

-Bear pain skillfully

-Tolerating and surviving crises and accepting one's situation in the moment



Crises Survival Strategies - ✔✔-Distracting, self-soothing, improving the moment, thinking of pros and
cons



Acceptance skills - ✔✔-Radical acceptance, turning the mind toward acceptance, and willingness vs.
mindfulness



Main Principles of DBT: Emotional regulation - ✔✔-Identify and label emotionsl

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