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Summary OCR A/AS-Level Biology 3.3.6 Adaptations of Plants to the Availability of Water CA$5.54   Add to cart
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Summary OCR A/AS-Level Biology 3.3.6 Adaptations of Plants to the Availability of Water
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  • Course
  • 3.3 Transport in Plants
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  • OCR
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  • OCR AS/A level Biology A Student Book 1

Revision summary of key knowledge from OCR A/AS-Level Biology 3.3.6 Adaptations of Plants to the Availability of Water.

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  • Chapter 3.3.6
  • June 26, 2023
  • 1
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary

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Adaptations of Plants to
the Availability of Water
Xerophytes
 Adapted to survive in arid conditions
 Waxy cuticle on leaf to reduce water lost by evaporation
 Stomata on underside of leaf to reduce evaporation from direct sunlight
 Stomata close at night to reduce water loss when the plant isn’t photosynthesising
 Stomata close when water availability is low
 Very widespread or deep roots
 Low water potential inside leaves to reduce water loss – achieved by maintaining a high
salt concentration
 Marram Grass:
o Rolling or curling or folding of leaves to trap air inside, preventing water loss due
to osmosis (maintains a high water potential outside leaf)
o Dense spongy mesophyll with few air spaces reducing area for evaporation
 Cacti:
o Succulents – store water in their stem which becomes swollen – stems are ribbed
or fluted to allow for expansion when water is available
o Leaves reduced to spines to reduce area for evaporation and transpiration
o Stem can photosynthesise

Hydrophytes
 Adapted to survive in wet conditions
 Do not need to worry about water loss since water is abundant
 Large air-spaces in leaves and stem keep the leaves buoyant to allow them to
photosynthesise
 Stomata are on the upper side of leaves, so they are exposed to the air to allow gaseous
exchange
 Specialised structures at the tip of leaves called hydathodes to release water droplets
which can evaporate since the climate is too humid for transpiration to occur

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