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Lectures Oncology and Public Health (Minor Biomedical Topics in Healthcare)
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  • Course
  • Oncology and Public Health (AB_1027)
  • Institution
  • Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU)

Complete summary with illustrations for all lectures of the course Oncology and Public Health. It contains all the material you need to study for the exam. I got an 8.6 at the exam with this summary. (voor o.a. gezondheidswetenschappen, gezondheid en leven, biomedische wetenschappen, medische n...

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Document information

  • September 4, 2023
  • 94
  • 2022/2023
  • Class notes
  • Dr. h.r.w. pasman
  • All classes

Subjects

  • oncology
  • cancer
  • rare cancers
  • diagnosis
  • cancer treatment
  • etiology
  • public health
  • cancer epidemiology
  • cancer screening

Written for

  • Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU)
  • Gezondheidswetenschappen
  • Oncology and Public Health (AB_1027)
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Oncology and public health
Inhoud
L1. Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
L2. Public health issues in oncology........................................................................................................4
L3. Introduction in oncology...................................................................................................................8
L4. Tumour diagnosis and treatment....................................................................................................12
L5. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy...........................................................................................15
L6. Oncogenesis....................................................................................................................................19
L7. Psycho oncology..............................................................................................................................24
L8. Cancer epidemiology......................................................................................................................28
L9. Late effects after treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma......................................................................32
L10. Pain management.........................................................................................................................37
L11. Prevention and screening.............................................................................................................41
L12. End-of life and palliative care........................................................................................................44
L13. E-health in oncology.....................................................................................................................50
L14. The CNS, chemotherapy and neurocognitive function..................................................................54
L15. Integrated oncological care for adolescents and young adults (AYA’s) with cancer.....................59
L16. Netherlands Cancer Registry ........................................................................................................62
L17. Cancer and nutrition.....................................................................................................................65
L18. Emotions in patients with cancer..................................................................................................72
L19. Cancer and work...........................................................................................................................77
L20. Rare cancers..................................................................................................................................81
L21. Risk communication and population cancer screening decisions.................................................85
L22. Shared decision making................................................................................................................90

,L1. Introduction




In the Netherlands: cancer is the leading cause of death!

Around one third of deaths from cancer are due to 5 leading behavioural and dietary risks:

• high body mass index
• low fruit and vegetable intake
• lack of physical activity
• tobacco use
• alcohol use



Oncology and public health

• Focus on prevention: limit risk factors for cancer (obesity, smoking, alcohol use, UV
radiation).
• Increase health care capacity: working in health care should be made more attractive.
• Efficient organization of health care: use of technology, ‘juiste zorg op de juiste plek’ (the
right care at the right location).
• Digitalization: connecting data.
• Support the needs of patients and survivors.
• Increase quality of life and quality of end-of-life.

,More man than woman get diagnosed with cancer

Secondary prevention = early detection and early prevention of progression of disease

About 50% of people diagnosed with cancer are in working age

More than 85% of all tumor types can be considered ‘rare’. Big five are; lung, skin, colon, breast and
prostate. But there are a lot of other types. 1 in 5 persons diagnosed with cancer is diagnosed with a
rare cancer.

1/3 of cancer cases are caused by an unhealthy lifestyle.

, L2. Public health issues in oncology
Public health = the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health
through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private,
communities

It refers to collective actions to improve population health



Three fields of public health research

1. Epidemiology and community diagnosis
2. Collective prevention and health promotion
3. Health care organization and performance (accessibility, insurance, etc)



Public health vs. medical science:




Application of public health

 Population  from local areas to the world population
 Causes of disease (causes of causes)  from behaviours to broader environments
what is the cause of smoking (as a cause of lung cancer) : social environment, physical
environment: cigarettes in advertisement
 Prevention of disease  from individual patients to national policies
 General health outcomes  from quality of life to healthy life expectancy



Functions in public health

 Assessment and monitoring of the health of communities and populations at risk to identify
health problems and priorities
 The formulation of public policies designed to solve identified local and national health
problems and priorities
 Assure that all populations have access to appropriate and cost-effective care, including
health promotion and diseases prevention services

Prevalence is increasing, mortality is decreasing

Cancer is leading cause of death
1 in 8 deaths worldwide

Increasing global burden of cancer:
2012: Cases: 14.1 mln - Deaths: 8.2 mln
2030: Cases: 21.7 mln - Deaths: 13 mln

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