Exam (elaborations)

1. A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of lactulose to a client who has cirrhosis. The client states, "I don't need this medication. I am not constipated." The nurse should explain that in clients who have cirrhosis, lactulose is used to de

Course
Nursing

Institution
Nursing

1. A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of lactulose to a client who has cirrhosis. The client states, "I don't need this medication. I am not constipated." The nurse should explain that in clients who have cirrhosis, lactulose is used to decrease levels of which of the following components in...

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Uploaded on November 12, 2023
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1a nurse is preparing to administer a dose of la

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V.S.U ATI NR 293 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL
REVIEW 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS.VSU 2023.Download to score A
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of lactulose to a client who has cirrhosis. The
client states, "I don't need this medication. I am not constipated." The nurse should
explain that in clients who have cirrhosis, lactulose is used to decrease levels of which
of the following components in the bloodstream?

a. Glucose

b. Ammonia

i. Rationale: Lactulose, a disaccharide, is a sugar that works as an osmotic
diuretic. It prevents absorption of ammonia in the colon. Accumulation of
ammonia in the bloodstream, which occurs in pathologic conditions of the
liver, such as cirrhosis, may affect the central nervous system, causing
hepatic encephalopathy or coma.

c. Potassium

d. Bicarbonate

2. A nurse on a medical unit is planning care for an older adult client who takes several
medications. Which of the following prescribed medications places the client at risk
for orthostatic hypotension? (Select all that apply.)

a. Furosemide

b. Telmisartan

,V.S.U ATI NR 293 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL
REVIEW 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS.VSU 2023.Download to score A
c. Duloxetine

d. Clopidogrel

e. Atorvastatin
3. Someone has a-fib on coumadin, know what normal PT is
4. Someone is on atorvastatin (statin) what kind of labs do we look at
a. Liver function
5. CKD nephrotoxicity
a. Antibiotic
6. Heart failure and on Lasix, what are adverse effects of Lasix and what would happen
if hypokalemic
7. Celecoxib for osteoarthritis (adverse effects??)
a. Not stroke
8. A nurse is caring for a client who has difficulty swallowing medications and is
prescribed enteric-coated aspirin PO once daily. The client asks if the medication can be
crushed to make it easier to swallow. Which of the following responses should the nurse
provide?

,V.S.U ATI NR 293 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL
REVIEW 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS.VSU 2023.Download to score A
a. "Crushing the medication might cause you to have a stomachache or indigestion.
i. Rationale: The pill is enteric-coated to prevent breakdown in the stomach
and decrease the possibility of GI distress. Crushing destroys protection.
b. "Crushing the medication is a good idea, and I can mix it in some ice cream
for you.”
c. "Crushing the medication would release all the medication at once, rather
than over time."
d. "Crushing is unsafe, as it destroys the ingredients in the medication."

9. A nurse is providing teaching for a client who is newly diagnosed with type 2
diabetes mellitus and has a prescription for glipizide. Which of the following
statements by the nurse best describes the action of glipizide?

a. "Glipizide absorbs the excess carbohydrates in your system."

b. "Glipizide stimulates your pancreas to release insulin."

i. Rationale: Glipizide is an oral antidiabetic medication in the
pharmacological classification of sulfonylurea agents. These medications
help to lower blood glucose levels in clients who have type 2 diabetes
mellitus using several methods, including reducing glucose output by the
liver, increasing peripheral sensitivity to insulin, and stimulating the
release of insulin from the functioning beta cells of the pancreas.

c. "Glipizide replaces insulin that is not being produced by your pancreas."

d. "Glipizide prevents your liver from destroying your insulin."
10. Having transdermal analgesic-- look up emla cream
11. SAA--how to use cream with child ^^^
a. Use visual pain rating scale

, V.S.U ATI NR 293 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL
REVIEW 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS.VSU 2023.Download to score A
12. A nurse is caring for a client who has active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and is to
be started on intravenous rifampin therapy. The nurse should instruct the client that
this medication can cause which of the following adverse effects?

a. Constipation

b. Black colored stools

c. Staining of teeth

d. Body secretions turning a red-orange color
i. Rationale: Rifampin is used in combination with other medicines to treat
TB. Rifampin will cause the urine, stool, saliva

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