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Lecture notes 1 organic chemistry

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  • Course
  • Organische Chemie
  • Institution
  • Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU)

The notes from lecture 1 of the organic chemistry course. The document contains clear images. Furthermore, it is organized and clearly marked. Most of it is written in English, but it also contains a number of Dutch notes.

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Document information

  • February 27, 2024
  • 6
  • 2022/2023
  • Class notes
  • Prof. dr. t.n. grossmann
  • Hoorcollege 1

Subjects

  • organische chemie
  • the periodic table
  • elements and atoms
  • stoichometry
  • octetregel
  • orbitals
  • valance elektrons
  • configuration

Written for

  • Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU)
  • Medische Natuurwetenschappen
  • Organische Chemie
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Organic chemistry
Hoorcollege 1 – 06 feb 2023


De tentamen vragen zijn in Engels en Nederlands
Be prepared for lectures  read book chapters beforehand
Solve questions before seminars


Chemistry is the science of forming and breaking bonds
Chemistry is the science involved with compounds composed of atoms and
molecules: their composition, structure, properties, behavior
and the changes they undergo during a reaction with other
compounds.


- Electrons combine properties of waves and particles
- Their wave characteristics can be compared with vibrating string
- The string vibrates in certain harmonic states
Kern = proton + neutron met elektronen erom heen


The periodic table:




Nonmetals  zijn de elementen die over het algemeen een overwicht aan
metaaleigenschappen mist
Noble gases: Komen voor in atoom vorm, want niet gebonden?

, Een edelgas: De overeenkomst van de elementen uit de edelgasgroep is de
buitenste elektronenschil, die geheel gevuld is. Het gevolg van het volzitten van de buitenste schil
is dat er geen energie te winnen is door twee atomen dicht bij elkaar te brengen en
hun golffuncties te combineren. De covalentie van een edelgas is dus 0

Elements and atoms




Amount of matter
Mole (mol) is a unit for an amount of substance
- symbol: n
- unit: mol
1 mol contains 6.022 x 10^23 ‘particles’ (atoms, molecules…)
 Avogadro constant


Molecular weight is the mass of 1 mol of an atom of molecule
- Symbol: M
- Unit: g/mol
Concentration - Molar concentration (molarity) is the number of moles per volume of a
solution
- Symbol: c
- Unit: mol/L = M


Chemical reactions – stoichiometry
Stoichometry = the ratio in which the molecules are combined
Stoichiometrie is de berekening van de verhouding waarin samengestelde stoffen met elkaar
reageren en de verhouding tussen de reactanten en producten van een chemische reactie
De stoichiometrie drukt alleen de molverhoudingen van de stoffen uit die bij de reactie zijn
betrokken

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