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PLTW Biomed Final Exam (2024 / 2025) Actual Questions with Verified Answers, 100% Guarantee Pass
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PLTW Biomed Final.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/NIW/PLTW%20Biomed%20FinalPLTW BIOMED FINAL
1. anemia: a condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells
2. blood plasma: pale yellow fluid portion of whole blood that consists of water and
dissolved consituents
3. erythrocytes: aka red blood cells, hemoglobin-carrying cells that carry oxygen to
the tissues and are responsible for the red color of the vertebrate blood
4. leukocytes: aka white blood cells, colorless, lack of hemoglobin, and help prevent
infection
5. hematocrit: percent of the volume of whole blood that is composed of red blood
cells as determined by separation of red blood cells from the plasma
6. sickle cell disease: homozygous gene hemoglobin S, destruction of red blood
cells by episodic blocking and dis form the shape of cells
7. thrombocytes: aka platelets, assists in blood clotting by adhering to other
platelets and damaged epithelium
8. formula for hematocrit: blood cells divided by total, times 100
9. amino acid: an organic monomer which serves as a building block of proteins
10. anticodon: a triplet nucleotide bases in tRNA that identifies the amino acid
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,PLTW Biomed Final.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/NIW/PLTW%20Biomed%20Final
carried and binds to a complementary codon in mRNA during protein synthesis
11. codon: a three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a particular
amino acid or termination signal, basic unit of a genetic code
12. hydrophilic: having an affinity for water
13. hydrophobic: having an aversion for water, tending to coalesce and form
droplets in water
14. messenger RNA: a type of RNA synthesized from DNA and attached to ribo-
somes in the cytoplasm; it specifies the primary structure of a protein
15. mutation: a rare change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic
diversity
16. nucleotide: building block of a nucleic acid, consisting of a five-carbon sugar
covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group
17. protein: a three dimensional polymer made of monomers of amino acids
18. protein synthesis: the creation of a protein from a DNA template
19. ribonucleic acid RNA: type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers
with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil.
single stranded, functions in protein synthesis and as the genome of some viruses
20. ribosome: a cell organelle that functions as the site of protein synthesis in the
cytoplasm, consists of ribosomal RNA and protein molecules
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