100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Toxicology & Drug Discovery, Diuretic & Anaesthetic Drug Mechanism £2.99   Add to cart

Lecture notes

Toxicology & Drug Discovery, Diuretic & Anaesthetic Drug Mechanism

 5 views  0 purchase

Includes detailed notes on the following lectures: (Does not include Lecture 18 as it is considered an extra lecture not covered in the final exam) Lecture 19: Introduction to toxicology and toxicity (Simon Pitchford) Lecture 20: Drug effects on the kidney (Simon Pitchford) Lecture 21: Genomi...

[Show more]

Preview 2 out of 12  pages

  • June 2, 2021
  • 12
  • 2020/2021
  • Lecture notes
  • Ian mcfadzean
  • All classes
All documents for this subject (8)
avatar-seller
joharyantra
FUNDAMENTALS
OF
PHARMACOLOGY
4BBY1040


Toxicology & Drug Discovery,
Diuretic & Anaesthetic Drug
Mechanism

, LECTURE 19:
Poison – All substances are poisons; there is
none that is not a poison. The right dose
differentiates a poison from a remedy. (Dose
makes the poison)
- Effects of toxicants are proportional to
the exposure / dose
- There may be variable sensitivity to
toxicants between species and
population
- Acute and chronic toxic effects may
be different and mediated by different
mechanisms
LD50: Lethal Dose in 50% of test population
- Can vary within specie and route of administration (e.g. snake venom)
o E.g. LD50 of dioxin in guinea pig is 0.001 mg/kg and hamster is 1-
5mg/kg
Therapeutic Index: The Lethal or Toxic dose
in 50% divided by the effective dose in 50%
The larger the value, the greater is the
margin of safety between effective
pharmacological dose and the toxic dose,
but it does nor indicate the shape of the
dose response curve
- E.g. Comparison of toxicity
o A and B have the same LD50
but A is more hazardous than
B, emphasizing knowing the
dose-response curve
ADME: Absorption -> distribution ->
metabolism -> excretion
Alteration to any one of the ADME phases
can alter the efficacy and toxicity of a drug

Toxic substances:
- Toxin: a poison of plant or animal origin
- Toxicant: man-made poison or product introduced into the environment as
a result of human interaction

Alcohol
Acute toxicity – depression of CNS (drunkness) – visual impairment, muscular
incordination, slow reaction time, vomiting, hangover, unconsciousness
Chronic toxicity – liver cirrhosis,
brain damage, cancer (oral
cavity, pharynx, larynx,
oesophagus, liver, colorectum,
breast)
- Cardiovascular health
benefits at lower units of
alcohol

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller joharyantra. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for £2.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

84866 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy revision notes and other study material for 14 years now

Start selling
£2.99
  • (0)
  Add to cart