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Samenvatting Leerboek KNO Hoofd-Halschirurgie Deel 1 Hoofdstuk 1 £4.74
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Samenvatting Leerboek KNO Hoofd-Halschirurgie Deel 1 Hoofdstuk 1
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  • Module
  • Anatomie En Pathologie
  • Institution
  • Thomas More Hogeschool (tmhs)
  • Book
  • Leerboek KNO en Hoofd-Halschirurgie

Samenvatting van anatomie deel 1 hoofdstuk 1. Ik heb dit gehad in fase 1 logopedie en audiologie aan Thomas More Antwerpen van J. van Dinther.

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  • No
  • Deel 1 hoofdstuk 1
  • November 2, 2021
  • 36
  • 2021/2022
  • Summary

Subjects

  • anatomie
  • pathologie
  • anatomy
  • pathology
  • logopedie
  • audiologie
  • thomas more
  • leerboek kno en hoofd halschirurgie

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  • Thomas More Hogeschool (tmhs)
  • Logopedie
  • Anatomie En Pathologie
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Anatomie
Inhoudsopgave
1. Het oor en het vestibulaire systeem...................................................................................................2
1.1 Inleiding........................................................................................................................................2
1.2 Indeling van het oor......................................................................................................................3
1.3 Embriologie...................................................................................................................................4
1.4 Anatomie van het uitwendige oor................................................................................................5
1.4.1 Oorschelp...............................................................................................................................5
1.4.2 Uitwendige gehoorgang.........................................................................................................5
1.5 Anatomie van het oor...................................................................................................................6
1.5.1 Trommelholte (Cavum tympani)............................................................................................6
1.5.2 Trommelvlies.........................................................................................................................7
1.5.3 Oriëntatiepunten...................................................................................................................8
1.5.4 Kwadranten...........................................................................................................................8
1.5.5 Gehoorbeenketen..................................................................................................................9
1.5.6 Middenoorspiertjes en peesjes............................................................................................10
1.5.7 Buis van Eustachius (Tuba auditiva).....................................................................................10
1.5.8 Mastoïd................................................................................................................................11
1.6 Fysiologie van het middenoor.....................................................................................................12
1.6.1 Transformatorfunctie...........................................................................................................12
1.6.2 Beluchting............................................................................................................................12
1.6.3 Drainage en afweer..............................................................................................................12
1.7 Anatomie van het binnenoor (cochlea)......................................................................................13
1.7.1 Endolymfe- en perilymfecompartimenten...........................................................................13
1.7.2 Ductus en saccus endolymphaticus.....................................................................................14
1.7.3 Basilaire membraan.............................................................................................................14
1.7.4 Membraan van Reissner......................................................................................................15
1.7.5 Stria vascularis.....................................................................................................................15
1.7.6 Orgaan van Corti..................................................................................................................15
1.7.7 Haarcellen............................................................................................................................16
1.7.8 Zenuwvoorziening................................................................................................................17
1.8 Fysiologie van het binnenoor......................................................................................................17
1.8.1 De cochlea als transducent..................................................................................................17
1.8.2 De functie van de buitenste haarcellen...............................................................................18


1

, 1.8.3 Cochleaire pathofysiologie...................................................................................................19
1.9 Centraal auditief systeem...........................................................................................................20
1.9.1 Horen...................................................................................................................................20
1.9.2 Localisatie van geluid...........................................................................................................20
1.10 Het vestibulaire systeem..........................................................................................................21
1.10.1 Het visuele systeem...........................................................................................................22
1.10.2 Het proprioceptieve systeem.............................................................................................22
1.10.2 Andere zintuigsystemen....................................................................................................22
1.11 Anatomie en fysiologie van het vestibulaire systeem...............................................................23
1.11.1 Haarcellen..........................................................................................................................24
1.12 Statolietorganen.......................................................................................................................25
1.12.1 Anatomie...........................................................................................................................25
1.12.2 Werking van de statolietorganen.......................................................................................25
1.12.3 Richtinggevoeligheid..........................................................................................................26
1.13 Halfcirkelvormige kanalen........................................................................................................26
1.13.1 Anatomie...........................................................................................................................26
1.13.2 Werking van de halfcirkelvormige kanalen........................................................................28
1.13.4 Beperkingen van het evenwichtsorgaan............................................................................29
1.13.5 N. vestibularis....................................................................................................................29
1.13.6 Vestibulaire kernen............................................................................................................30
1.13.7 Vestibulo- of archicerebellum............................................................................................30
1.13.8 Vestibulaire cortex.............................................................................................................31
1.14 Functies van het vestibulaire systeem......................................................................................31
1.14.1 Ruimtelijke oriëntatie........................................................................................................31
1.14.2 Beeldenstabilisatie.............................................................................................................31
1.14.3 Houdingsregulatie..............................................................................................................32
1.14.4 Centrale verwerking: het centrale vestibulaire systeem....................................................33
1.14.5............................................................................................................................................33
1.14.6 Beperkingen vh evenwichtssysteem: bewegingsziekten of kinetosen...............................33
1.14.7 Centrale compensatie van een perifeer vestibulaire laesie...............................................34




1. Het oor en het vestibulaire systeem
1.1 Inleiding
Oor en evenwichtsorgaan:
 één anatomisch geheel

2

,  sterke fysiologische overeenkomsten (zelfde type cellen maar andere functie)

Vestibulair functie verlies is relatief complex
 klachten daarvan niet altijd duidelijk (niet persé vertigo = duizeligheid)
 Itt bijvoorbeeld oorproblemen  gehoorverlies
 Artsen weten nog niet welke klachten geassocieerd zijn met het labyrint of vestibulaire
systeem


1.2 Indeling van het oor
 Uitwendig oor:
o oorschelp
o uitwendige gehoorgang
 Middenoor:
o trommelvlies
o trommelholte (cavum tympani):
 gehoorbeentjes (malleus = hamer, incus = aambeeld, stapes = stijgbeugel)
 middenoorspiertjes (m. tensor tympani, m. stapedius)
 buis van Eustachius
 mastoïd
 Binnenoor (cochlea): onderdeel van het labyrint
 Retro-cochleair (achter de cochlea):
o N. cochlearis: gehoorzenuw, onderdeel van de n. vestibulocochlearis
o Centraal auditief systeem




3

, 1.3 Embriologie




 1e en 2e kieuwboog: oorschelp
 1e: tragus en crus helicus (voor gehoorgang)
 2e : meatus
 1e kieuwspleet: Gehoorgang
 5e week zwangerschap: °ectodermale instulping vormt uitwendige gehoorgang.
 Beide zijden instulping: °6 verdikkingen (Heuvels van His) die oorschelp gaan vormen.
 Entoderm/ 1e kieuwzak: middenoorholte, bu!is van Eustachius (Tuba auditiva) °uit faryngale
uitstulping.
 Medodermale origine:
Malleus (hamer), incus (aambeeld): eerste kieuwboog = kraakbeen van Meckel
stapes (hamer): tweede kieuwboog = kraakbeen van Reichert

Labyrint bestaat uit
 Uit oorplacode, na 3de week
 Bovenste deel  kanalen, utriculus(= deel evenwichtsorgaan)
 Onderste deel  cochlea, sacculus
 Ontw af op 3mnd
o enkel nog invloed door infecties en intoxicatie
o niet meer teratogeen
 Combi buiten/midden met binnenoor geeft zeldzame afwijking door timing in ontwikkeling




4

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