1 Name: Zae12Mcmorrow
Unit 18: Working in the
Health Sector
Task 2: Structure of healthcare provision in own country and multi-
P2- Outline the overall structure of health service provision in home country.
disciplinary working.
In this task I’ll be outlining the overall structure of health service provision in England. The
structure of health provision that I’ll be discussing are: statutory, voluntary, private and
informal provision; Social Services; NHS; Clinical Commissioning groups; NHS Trusts;
Secondary healthcare; Integrated care; healthcare settings and the services they provide
and how users of services access services and the barriers to accessing the services.
Who makes decisions in the NHS?
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This leaflet provides an overview of the decision-making processes in health policy and the
NHS. They have an impact on how health and social care is delivered at all levels, from
decisions made in your local trust to national policy decisions made by politicians. The key
stakeholders in healthcare, trust decision-making, funding flow, commissioning, regulation,
and education in England are covered in this leaflet. (rcplondon.ac.uk, 2021)
Health and social care structures in England
In health and social care, decision-making processes can be complex and include a large
number of individuals, with various organisations responsible for different aspects of policy
development and implementation. (rcplondon.ac.uk, 2021) The latest initiative aimed at
developing partnership working between the NHS and social care, integrated care systems,
continues to evolve decision-making. Different mechanisms and methods to decision-
making, financing, and accountability arise in public health, the NHS, and social care.
(rcplondon.ac.uk, 2021)
Statutory provision
The National Health Service (NHS), school nursing, and social services are examples of
government-funded and provided services. (hwb.wales.gov.uk, 2021)
Private provision
Private hospitals, residential homes, and private nurseries are examples of facilities that are
run as a business to make a profit. (hwb.wales.gov.uk, 2021)
Voluntary provision
Non-profit organisations that are
frequently registered charities,
such as Age Concern, Mencap, and
the National Society for the
Prevention of Cruelty to Children,
offer these services (NSPCC).
(hwb.wales.gov.uk, 2021)
Informal provision
This form of care is typically
provided by people who want to
support others and are normally
unpaid, such as members of a local church, a babysitting community, or relatives.
(hwb.wales.gov.uk, 2021)
Social services
The Department of Social Services is a government-run agency tasked with ensuring the
safety and well-being of children and vulnerable adults. Your Local Authority will direct you
to the department that services your town. (howellslegal.co.uk, 2021) Social agencies have a
legal responsibility to protect and support the health of young children and can provide a
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variety of services to children and their parents. The care department of Social Services
works to ensure that children are healthy, safe, and well cared for. They collaborate with a
variety of charities and organisations to ensure that families receive the assistance they
need. Families are also concerned about the prospect of Social Services intervention, either
because of personal experiences or because they are afraid that social workers will
withdraw their children from the family home. (howellslegal.co.uk, 2021)
NHS
From April 1, 2019, NHS England and NHS Improvement collaborated as a single
organisation to better support the NHS in providing better patient care. (england.nhs.uk,
2021) As local health services become more integrated, the same must occur at the national
level. The new single operating model was created to aid in the implementation of the NHS
Long Term Plan. (england.nhs.uk, 2021) The seven decentralised regional teams provide
assistance to local health systems and play a key leadership role in the geographies they
oversee. They make decisions on how to best support and ensure success in their area, as
well as how to support system change and the advancement of sustainability and
transformation collaborations, as well as integrated care systems (ICS). (england.nhs.uk,
2021)
NHS Trust
East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust is
engaging people from all walks of life in its
efforts to ensure that it is meeting the needs
of the community. (england.nhs.uk, 2021)
The trust's staff and patient leaders discuss
how the trust has expanded public
participation and is reaching out to a diverse
range of communities in this video. Service
users, midwives, physicians, and
commissioners meet at the Maternity Forum
MSLC Reading, Wokingham, and West
Berkshire. They collaborate to review and
improve maternity programmes and ensure
that they meet the needs of mothers,
partners, and babies. (england.nhs.uk, 2021)
Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs)
The Midlands and Lancashire Commissioning Support Unit (CSU) has devised a new method
of collecting patient input. It has compiled a database of data from a variety of sources and
keeps track of patient interactions. (england.nhs.uk, 2021) They also participate in a variety
of activities and have other participation opportunities, which are detailed in this video. This
provides a membership programme as well as support groups where patients can share
their stories. They can listen to patients and identify problems and areas for improvement
due to this wealth of knowledge. (england.nhs.uk, 2021)
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Hull Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG) and Hull City Council run a People's Panel to
promote public involvement in a variety of public services and policies. (england.nhs.uk,
2021) Members of the panel regularly receive emails, questionnaires, survey feedback, and
invitations to participation events. The CCG also has a team of patient ambassadors who
collaborate with communities and commissioning administrators to gather patient and
public feedback on a range of issues. (england.nhs.uk, 2021)
Primary, Secondary & Tertiary care
Primary care, secondary care, and tertiary care are the different categories of the NHS.
Primary care, which is normally delivered by practitioners such as GPs, dentists, and
pharmacists, is also the first point of contact with those in need of healthcare. Nearly 56.4
million people in England are served by the NHS, which is free at the point of use.
(nhsproviders.org, 2021) The majority of primary care services are provided in the
community, in places like GP offices, community health centres, community clinics, and
even your own home. Since primary care focuses on the individual rather than specific
diseases, primary care providers are generalists rather than experts in specific disease areas.
(mstrust.org.uk, 2021) Treating common diseases, managing long-term conditions, and
avoiding potential disease through advice, immunisation, and screening programmes are all
part of primary care. If necessary, primary care providers may refer you to more specialised
services. (mstrust.org.uk, 2021)
Secondary care, also known as 'patient and
community care,' may be either planned
(elective) care, such as cataract surgery, or
urgent and emergency care, such as fracture
treatment. (mstrust.org.uk, 2021) Secondary
care refers to services offered by health
providers that do not typically interact with
patients for the first time. You could be
referred to a neurologist or an MS team at
your local hospital if you have MS.
Secondary care is normally provided in a
hospital or clinic, but certain facilities may be provided in the community. Anticipated
operations, specialist clinics such as cardiology or renal clinics, and rehabilitation facilities
such as physiotherapy are all examples. (mstrust.org.uk, 2021)
Neurosurgery, transplants, and safe forensic mental health facilities are examples of tertiary
care. (nhsproviders.org, 2021) Tertiary care refers to medical treatment given in specialised
facilities. Consultants in tertiary care centres may have more specialised equipment and
knowledge about your condition. (mstrust.org.uk, 2021) Referrals to tertiary providers are
typically provided by your primary care physician or the medical staff at your local hospital.
You would have to drive a long way to get to a tertiary care facility. A tertiary care centre is
an institution such as the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery in London.
(mstrust.org.uk, 2021)
