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learning theories mcq test Exam (elaborations) Psychology Psychology: Themes and Variations, ISBN: 6127
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SLK 110 Chapter 9 notes (University of Pretoria)
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SLK 110 Chapter 6 notes (University of pretoria)
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Psychology 110 Chapter 1 Notes
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CHAPTER 6—(MC 1-200) LEARNINGMULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A relatively durable change in behavior or knowledge that is due to experience is defined as
a. mediation
b. maturation
c. learning
d. conditioning
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 215 OBJ: 6-1
KEY: Factual MSC: ** (new or revised)
2. A type of learning in which a stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a response that was originally
evoked by another stimulus is known as
a. instrumental conditioning
b. classical conditioning
c. operant conditioning
d. observational conditioning
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 216 OBJ: 6-1
KEY: Factual MSC: ** (new or revised)
3. Classical conditioning is a type of learning in which
a. responses come to be controlled by their consequences
b. an organism's responding is influenced by the observation of others' behavior
c. an organism engages in a response that brings aversive stimulation to an end
d. a neutral stimulus acquires the ability to elicit a response that was originally elicited by
another stimulus
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 216 OBJ: 6-1
TOP: WWW KEY: Factual
4. Pavlov became interested in conditioning when he observed laboratory dogs
a. salivating right before food was placed in their mouths
b. failing to salivate when food was placed in their mouths
c. salivating only when food was placed in their mouths
d. salivating right after they had swallowed food
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Correct = 95%
REF: p. 216 OBJ: 6-1 KEY: Factual
5. When a neutral stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a response that was originally evoked by
another stimulus, the process is
a. operant conditioning
b. instrumental conditioning
c. Skinnerian conditioning
d. classical conditioning
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Correct = 66%
REF: p. 216 OBJ: 6-1 KEY: Factual
6. Pavlov found that meat powder placed on a dog's tongue will make the dog salivate. In Pavlov's terms,
the meat powder is
, a. an unconditioned stimulus
b. an unconditioned response
c. a conditioned stimulus
d. a conditioned response
ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Correct = 77%
REF: p. 217 OBJ: 6-1 KEY: Factual
7. In Pavlov's original experiment on classical conditioning, the unconditioned response (UCR) was
a. the sound of a tone
b. salivation elicited by a tone
c. the presentation of meat powder following a tone
d. salivation elicited by meat powder
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Correct = 79%
REF: p. 217 OBJ: 6-1 KEY: Factual
8. In classical conditioning, the stimulus that naturally evokes an unlearned response is the
a. conditioned stimulus
b. unconditioned stimulus
c. unconditioned reinforcer
d. conditioned reinforcer
ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Correct = 85%
REF: p. 217 OBJ: 6-1 KEY: Factual
9. In classical conditioning, the stimulus that is originally neutral in regard to the response to be learned
is the
a. unconditioned stimulus
b. unconditioned response
c. conditioned stimulus
d. conditioned response
ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Correct = 58%
REF: p. 217 OBJ: 6-1 KEY: Factual
10. A conditioned stimulus is
a. a stimulus that elicits an unconditioned response without previous conditioning
b. an unlearned reaction that occurs without previous conditioning
c. a previously neutral stimulus that, through conditioning, acquires the capacity to elicit a
conditioned response
d. a learned reaction that occurs because of previous conditioning
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 217 OBJ: 6-1
KEY: Factual
11. The major difference between a CS and a UCS is
a. the order in which they are presented
b. that one reliably elicits the response of interest prior to conditioning while the other does
not
c. that during conditioning the response to one increases while the response to the other
decreases
d. the strength of the response that each stimulus elicits
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 217 OBJ: 6-1
KEY: Factual
,12. Carson used to really enjoy lime sherbet, and when he was in Mexico he tried frozen lime margaritas.
After his fourth margarita Carson became extremely ill. Now he finds that even the sight of lime
sherbet in a bowl can make him feel queasy. In this example, the unconditioned stimulus is
a. the lime margaritas that Carson consumed
b. the illness that followed the fourth margarita
c. the sight of lime sherbet
d. the queasiness that Carson feels when he sees lime sherbet
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 217 OBJ: 6-1
KEY: Concept/Applied
13. Darrel was dancing with his new girlfriend at an Elvis tribute. When the band started playing "Can't
Help Falling in Love with You" his girlfriend gave him a long passionate kiss, which Darrel found
very enjoyable. Now Darrel finds that every time he hears "Can't Help Falling in Love with You" on
the radio, he becomes mildly excited. In this example, the long, passionate kiss is
a. a conditioned stimulus
b. an unconditioned response
c. a conditioned response
d. an unconditioned stimulus
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 217 OBJ: 6-1
KEY: Concept/Applied
14. Veronica had been working at Zenex Industries for 8 months when her boss asked to see her in his
office. She thought he wanted to talk about a promotion so she was quite excited, but instead of giving
her a promotion, the boss told Veronica she was being laid off as a result of company downsizing.
Veronica could feel her heart pounding as she listened to the news. Veronica was able to get a new job,
but every time her new boss asks to talk to her in private, Veronica feels a little faint. In this example,
the unconditioned response is
a. the bad news from her boss at Zenex Industries
b. her new boss asking for a private meeting
c. her pounding heart when she heard she was being laid off
d. the faintness she feels when her new boss wants to talk to her in private
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 217 OBJ: 6-1
KEY: Concept/Applied
15. One Saturday, Lacey was sitting at home when the telephone rang. A local company was making
promotional calls and told Lacey she had just won a $1000 gift certificate. She felt a rush of
excitement at the thought of what she could do with $1000. Now Lacey finds that whenever she hears
a telephone ring, she feels a surge of excitement. In this example, the rush of excitement that Lacey
felt when she heard she had won the gift certificate is
a. the conditioned stimulus
b. the unconditioned stimulus
c. the unconditioned response
d. the conditioned response
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 217 OBJ: 6-1
KEY: Concept/Applied
16. Holly was dancing with her new boyfriend at an Elvis tribute. When the band started playing "Can't
Help Falling in Love with You" her boyfriend gave her a long, passionate kiss, which Holly found
very enjoyable. Now Holly finds that every time she hears "Can't Help Falling in Love with You" on
the radio, she becomes a little flushed. In this example, the conditioned stimulus is
, a. the long, passionate kiss
b. the song, "Can't Help Falling in Love with You"
c. the enjoyment she experienced after the kiss from her boyfriend
d. the flushing she experiences when she hears the song on the radio
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 217 OBJ: 6-1
KEY: Concept/Applied
17. Floyd had been working at Qualton Enterprises for 2 years when his boss asked to see him in her
office. He thought she wanted to talk about a promotion so he was quite excited, but instead of giving
him a promotion, the boss told Floyd he was being laid off as a result of company downsizing. Floyd
could feel his heart pounding as he listened to the news. Floyd has a new job now, but every time his
new boss asks to talk to him in private, Floyd feels a little faint. In this example, Floyd's new boss
asking for a private talk is
a. an unconditioned response
b. a conditioned response
c. an unconditioned stimulus
d. a conditioned stimulus
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: p. 217 OBJ: 6-1
KEY: Concept/Applied
18. One Saturday, Clayton was sitting at home when the telephone rang. A local company was making
promotional calls and told Clayton he had just won a $500 gift certificate. He felt a rush of excitement
at the thought of what he could do with $500. Now Clayton finds that whenever he hears a telephone
ring, he feels a little surge of excitement. In this example, the conditioned response is
a. the surge of excitement that Clayton feels whenever he hears a telephone ring
b. the ringing of a telephone
c. the news that he had just won a $500 gift certificate
d. the rush of excitement he felt when he won the certificate
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: p. 217 OBJ: 6-1
KEY: Concept/Applied
19. Charity used to really enjoy potato salad, and at a family reunion she ate a large helping.
Unfortunately, the potato salad had not been kept cold, and Charity became quite ill after eating it.
Now she finds that even the sight of potatoes in the grocery store can make her feel sick to her
stomach. In this example, the sick feeling Charity experiences when she sees potatoes in the grocery
store is
a. an unconditioned response
b. a conditioned response
c. an unconditioned stimulus
d. a conditioned stimulus
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 217 OBJ: 6-1
KEY: Concept/Applied
20. Classical conditioning could account for how a child learns to
a. sing a song
b. tie shoe laces
c. print letters
d. fear the dark
ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Correct = 89%
REF: p. 218 OBJ: 6-2 KEY: Concept/Applied
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