PRINCIPLES OF SAFEGUARDING AND PROTECTION IN HEALTH AND SOCIAL
CAREUNIT 5/ HSC24 OR EDI CT298
LEARNING OUTCOME 11.1: DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TYPES OF ABUSE:
- PHYSICAL ABUSE
- SEXUAL ABUSE
- EMOTIONAL/PSYCHOLOGICAL ABUSE
- FINANCIAL ABUSE
- INSTITUTIONAL ABUSE
- SELF NEGLECT
- NEGELECT BY OTHERS
ANSWER:
PHYSICAL ABUSE: Physical abuse involves the use of force by punching, hitting,
slapping, pinching, kicking, burning or scalding. It is a form of physical attack on an
individual, or a deliberate physical injury to a child or an adult, it can also be a wilful or
neglectful failure to prevent physical injury.
SEXUAL ABUSE: Whether of adults or children, can also involve abuse of power.
Children can never be considered to give informed consent to any sexual activity of any
description. In some adult’s consent may not be given and the sexual activity is either
forced on the individual against their will to participate in any form of sexual activity.
EMOTIONAL/PSYCOLOGICAL ABUSE: This is a situation where an individual
becomes a victim of abuse in the hand of someone he or she trust inevitably, going to
cause emotional distress.
FINANCIAL ABUSE: It is a form of abuse that can be inflicted on an individual by family
members, friends as well as care workers etc. by stealing their money or properties.
INSTITUTIONAL ABUSE: This means an organised abuse that goes in a place like
residential homes or hospitals of which the individuals are not given choices over their
daily decisions such as meal times, bedtimes, privacy and dignity are not respected.
, PRINCIPLES OF SAFEGUARDING AND PROTECTION IN HEALTH AND SOCIAL
CAREUNIT 5/ HSC24 OR EDI CT298
SELF NEGELECT: This happens when the individual is ill or depressed and unable to
make effort or not feel capable of looking after themselves and lack of personal hygiene
and failure to protect the individual from exposure to any kind of danger.
NEGELECT BY OTHERS: Neglect can happen because those responsible for providing
the care examples families or carers do not realize its importance, or because they
cannot be bothered, or choose not to provide it and as a result the individual may
become ill, hungry, cold, dirty, injured or deprived of their rights.
1.2: IDENTIFY THE SIGNS AND /OR SYMPTOMS ASSOCIATED WITH EACH TYPE
OF ABUSE
PHYSICAL: Bruises, injuries, scratches, burns or bites marks on the body.
SEXUAL: Blood marks on under cloth, unusual sexual behaviour.
EMOTIONAL: Loss of confidence, withdrawn and anxious.
FINANCIAL: Missing cash or belongings, missing bank account records.
INSTITUTIONAL: Withdrawn, sudden change of character.
SELF NEGELECT: Feeling depressed, hopeless.
NEGELECT BY OTHERS: Change of eating habits, becoming afraid and withdrawn.
1.3: DESCRIBE FACTORS THAT MAY CONTRIBUTE TO AN INDIVIDUAL BEING
MORE VULNERABLE TO ABUSE
There are a lot of factors that can contribute to a person being more vulnerable to abuse
some of these factors include physical disability (in-ability to walk or being confine to a
wheel chair), learning difficulties, the elderly (old age) and young adult with social and
communication problems. All these can contribute to the degree of vulnerability to
abuse.
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