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Abrams Clinical Drug Therapy Rationales
for Nursing Practice 12th Edition
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,Abrams' Clinical Drug Therapy: Rationales for Nursing Practice 12th Edition
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Chapter 1 The Foundation of Pharmacology: Quality and Safety
A woman has been prescribed paroxetine
hydrochloride, which is an antidepressant
agent administered in pill form. The
1.
medication is administered for her obsessive-
compulsive disorder. This medication will
produce which of the following effects?
A) Curative
B) Systemic
C) Local
D) Parenteral
Ans: B
Feedback:
Drugs that produce systemic effects are taken
into the body, circulated through the
bloodstream to their sites of action in various
body tissues, and eventually eliminated from
the body. Curative agents are given to cure a
disease process. In this case, paroxetine
hydrochloride will control the symptoms but
not cure the disorder. Drugs with local effects,
such as sunscreen and local anesthetics, act
mainly at the site of application. Paroxetine
hydrochloride is not administered
parenterally. Parenteral agents are
administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly,
or intravenously.
A patient has been prescribed an antibiotic.
This medication is a naturally occurring
2. substance that has been chemically modified.
What is another name for this type of
medication?
A) Synthetic drug
B) Semisynthetic drug
C) Biotechnology drug
D) Prototype drug
Ans: B
Feedback:
Semisynthetic drugs (e.g., many antibiotics)
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, Feedback:
Semisynthetic drugs (e.g., many antibiotics)
are naturally occurring substances that have
been chemically modified. Synthetic drugs are
more standardized in their chemical
characteristics, more consistent in their
effects, and less likely to produce allergic
reactions. Biotechnology drugs involve
manipulating DNA and RNA and
recombining genes into hybrid molecules that
can be inserted into living organisms.
Prototype drugs are the first drug of a
particular group to be developed.
A patient is administered morphine. Morphine
is a prototypical drug that can be classified in
3.
different ways. Which of the following
classifications applies to morphine?
A) Central nervous system depressant
B) Central nervous system stimulant
C) Anti-inflammatory
D) Antihypertensive
Ans: A
Feedback:
Drugs are classified according to their effects
on particular body systems, their therapeutic
uses, and their chemical characteristics. For
example, morphine can be classified as a
central nervous system depressant and a
narcotic or opioid analgesic. A central nervous
system stimulant increases attention and
raises mood. An anti-inflammatory agent
decreases inflammation at the site of tissue or
joint inflammation. An antihypertensive agent
reduces blood pressure.
A patient is administered amoxicillin
(Amoxil). The generic name of this
4.
medication indicates that it belongs to which
drug group?
A) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
B) Diuretics
C) Penicillins
D) ACE inhibitors
Ans: C
Feedback:
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, Ans: C
Feedback:
The generic name often indicates the drug
group (e.g., drugs with generic names ending
in “cillin” are penicillins). Selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitors are medications that have
antidepressant effects; SSRI is a broad
classification, not a generic name. Diuretics
are medications that increase urine output;
diuretic is a broad classification, not a generic
name. ACE inhibitor is the broad
classification for the angiotensin-converting
enzyme inhibitors, not the generic name.
The administration of diphenhydramine
(Benadryl), which is an over-the-counter
5.
medication, is regulated by which government
agency?
A) Public Health Service
B) Federal Trade Commission
Occupational Safety and Health
C)
Administration
D) Food and Drug Administration
Ans: D
Feedback:
The Food and Drug Administration approves
drugs for over-the-counter availability,
including the transfer of drugs from
prescription to OTC status, and may require
clinical trials to determine the safety and
effectiveness of OTC use. The Public Health
Service is regulated by the state to maintain
the health of individual citizens of the state.
The Federal Trade Commission regulates
imports and exports throughout the nation.
The Occupational Safety and Health
Administration regulates safety within the
workplace.
The administration of anabolic steroids is
6.
regulated by which of the following laws?
A) The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938
The Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention
B)
and Control Act
C) The Harrison Narcotic Act
D) The Shirley Amendment
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