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Alevel History OCR Russia and its Rulers Life of a Peasant Notes
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Alevel History OCR Russia and its Rulers Life of a Peasant Notes Living and Working Conditions Governmental Reform
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Alexander II Alexander III Nicholas II Lenin Stalin KhrushchevSerfs were Land Bank of Redemption Decree on Land 1928 - Khrushchev
emancipated 1881 was an Fees ended. October 1917 - Collectivisation made
in 1861 - attempt as nationalised after the agriculture a
Famine.
reducing rural land, but land famine of priority and
serfs gained
poverty. Lots of was practically 1928. made a
the full rights
peasant given over to the genuine
of free Redemption Peasants
unrest - they peasants/allowe attempt at
citizens, Fees Reduced - offered some
were d the peasant to making
including still had to pay opposition to
demanding keep the land reforms.
rights to them. collectivisation
land and they seized.
marry . The Virgin
High Indirect seizing grain.
without State controlled Lands Scheme
Taxes on Stalin wanted
having to Stolypin's grain and fixed was an
everyday goods socialism in the
gain consent, Reforms: prices.. attempt to
like tea, sugar countryside
to own increase
and tobacco. New land- Forcible and the
property, and production -
owning requisitioning of removal of the
to own a Peasants had to somewhat
business. peasant class grain. NEP, ridding of
successful in
sell grain just
emerging. the Kulaks who
after harvest Three types of the short
Redemption were blamed
when prices Law of 1906 peasant: the term.
Fees over a for hoarding
were low so the encouraged Poor, the
period of 50 grain. He planned to
state could peasants to Middling and the
years - high modernise
export for profit leave the Mir Kulak. Requisitioning
percentage of agriculture,
later in the and was returned..
interest (6%). Kulaks blamed e.g. Increased
year. consolidate
The cost was for food Kulak families targets for
so high that their strips chemical
Famine of 1891 shortages and were
they had sell was blamed on into one were denounced imprisoned, fertiliser.
all the grain landholding -
the peasants by with the help of exiled or
the There were
they Tsar, seen as the Cheka murdered. 10
separators. incentives for
produced to disrespectful leading to class million
peasants, e.g.
pay the tax, unruly and Peasants warfare. By 1921 deported to
Higher
intoxicated. encouraged the countryside labour camps.
Peasants had payments for
to pay for to migrate to was in a state of grain,
Ministry of Millions of
Siberia to complete chaos..
land - steep Agriculture was cattle and pigs reduction of
prices. increase the tax on private
established 1921 the NEP were
amount of plots and state
post-famine - was adopted, it slaughtered
Many had to arable land
lead to the Land aimed to and left to rot. farm workers
'rent' the available for
Captains who incentivise Estimates of and electricity
land from the farming.
controlled the peasants to the quantity were given
landholders
peasants, to Money produce a vary between better
but the serfs
keep discipline. provided at surplus of grain 20% and 35% benefits and
of private
low interest to feed the urban of all livestock higher pay.
estates Grain was
population. being
received less exported - less from the Poor harvest
Peasant Land deliberately
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