This table summarizes the origin, insertion, innervation and action of the muscles of the gluteal region. Muscles are arranged into their superficial and deep groups. Also provides mnemonics and memory devices for common OSCE questions.
Gluteal
tuberosity
of femur
and
Outer surface of ilium, sacrum, iliotibial Main extensor of thigh + lateral
Gluteus maximus coccyx and sacrotuberous ligament tract rotation
Abduction + medial rotn.
Prevents pelvic "dropping" on
contralateral side
Lateral
surface of
greater
Gluteus medius (fan trochante
shaped) Outer surface of ilium r
Anterior
side of
greater
trochante
Gluteus minimus Ilium r
Anterior superior iliac spine, Iliotibial Flexion of hip + stability of knee
Tensor fascia lata anterior iliac crest tract when standing
Deep Lateral rotators of hip
Greater
Piriformis (most trochante
superior deep muscle) Anterior surface of sacrum r
Greater
trochante Lateral rotation + Abduction of
hip
r
Gemellus superior Ischial spine
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