AP World History Chapter 16 - The Maritime Revolution, to 1550
1. In 1511, sailed from Europe around southern tip of
Africa to explore the East Indies for Portugal and then again 8 years later
for Spain: Ferdinand Magellan
2. How many ships did Magellan start and finish with when he left Spain
in 1519?: started with 5
ended with 1 (Victoria was the only one that went and made it back!)
3. Magellan survived numerous mutinies, dozens of sailors died of
starvation and disease. Magellan died 4/27/1521 how?: He was in a battle
aiding a Philip- pine ruler who promised to become a Christian
4. Prior to this era, Asia dominated the maritime
,exploration as the source of technology, influencing belief, power, and
wealth. The success of voyages in the following century would
redirect the
world's power, wealth, and innovation from Asia to the West.: Iberian (Spain
and Portugal)
5. Although divided
politically, culturally, religiously, the languages of Malaysia, Indonesia,
Philippines, Thailand, southern Vietnam, Cambodia, and Hainain, China,
all originated from a common
linguistic root. Scholars use the term Indonesians or
.: Austronesian linguistic
root Malayo Indonesians, Malay
6. The
Indian Ocean sailors, around 350, discovered the routes between Sri
Lanka and the South China Sea through the Straits of and
, :
Malacca Sunda
7. The Indian Ocean sailors were the first to use the seasonal
winds to extend voyages for thousands of miles across the Indian Ocean to
East Africa and Madagascar.: Monsoon
8. How did the rise of medieval Islam boost Indian Ocean Trade?: 1-The
large Muslim cities of the Middle East provided demand for
commodities
2-networks of Muslim traders were active across
the region 3-traders shared common language,
ethic, and law
9. In 1368 the dynasty overthrew Mongol rule and
reestablished China's predominance, also extending their authority around
the Indian Ocean and Vietnam with 7 imperial fleets between 1405 and 1433.:
Ming
, 10. Although the Ming dynasty inspired awe of their power and
achieve- ments, 3 occasions of military force was used, one of which
was
: Defeat and capture of king of Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
11.The first of the Ming expeditions into the Indian Ocean included 62 trea-
sure ships, aka , which were 300 feet long x 150 feet
wide, carrying 3,000 tons, armed sometimes with a cannon or crossbows:
junks
12. As
China's desire to expand and explore, Admiral ,
(1371-1435), a Chinese Muslim and eunuch, for Ming emperor Yongle, com-
manded 7 expeditions of giant ships through the Indian Ocean from SE
Asia to Africa. He took with him Arabic speaking Chinese interpreters like
, who recorded local customs and beliefs (black panthers,
class systems, Calicut calculations) in a journal.: Zheng He
