Lecture notes
Lecture notes: PS1810: Toddlers Using Touchscreens
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- University Of Winchester (UoW)
Semester 1 PS1810 notes. Written in 2020/21
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PS1810 – Week 3: Toddlers using touchscreens: Exploring psychological questions and researchTV and gaming: concerns for development?
Time watching TV is time children could be engaging in other activities
Children may be exposed to inappropriate content
Children may be exposed to other influences
Children spend more time passive than active
Watching a lot of TV limits social interactions
Watching a lot of TV may lead to a dependency
What are the concerns about TV and video games?
Some researchers have hypothesised that:
Many TV shows are so exciting that children who watch frequently develop difficulties
paying attention to less exciting activities
Many popular shows have rapid change in focus, resulting in children being less able to
sustain their focus on less attention grabbing tasks
Watching TV is passive, it doesn’t require ant problem solving, planning, initiating, inhibiting
behaviours
Contingency
Interactive TV programs don’t offer individual feedback to the audience about their
participation
Accessibility
Fine motor and visuospatial skills to use a computer mouse or even stylus vs own finger on a
screen
The question about symbolic representation
There is a debate about whether young children can learn from a screen based device,
because it requires symbolic representation and transfer of learning from the context of the
representation, to objects in the real world
Typically, research studies use search tasks to test this with young children
Jauck and Peralta (2019) demonstrate that children as young as 2 years old can use
information from an image to ,look for an object in the room and can sometimes point to
the image to communicate where a toy was hidden
This kind of research helps us understand what very young children can learn using screen
based medium and how they understand it
Access and exposure to unsuitable material
There is a general risk that unsupervised use of internet connected devices may lead to
unintended exposure to unsuitable material and images
Potential for addictive behaviour?
Behaviours that become obsessive and interfere with normal daily life may be classified as
addictive behaviours
Evidence suggests that smartphone addition has a negative impact on academic
performance, life satisfaction and increased risk of anxiety in young adults
Displacement hypotheses
Mechanism by which TV can have a negative impact on language development is by
displacing interactions with caregivers involving play and language
Potential for this may be even greater for touch screen devices:
Portability and instant accessibility
Distraction/engagement
Lack of opportunity to exercise self-regulation, waiting, turn taking, conversation skills?
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