P3: Describe the current patterns of ill health and how they are monitored.
What is health?
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Unit 12 P3 Factors affecting public health Megan Scully
P3: Describe the current patterns of ill health and how they are monitored.
What is health?
To be healthy is to have a satisfactory level of physical and mental well-being. Health, is the
condition in which an individual is unbound from injury or illness. The World Health Organisation
(WHO) is a specified organisation of the United Nations (UN), involved with public health on an
international scale. WHO was established in 1948 and is managed from its headquarters in
Switzerland. WHO is responsible for guiding and organising health and is also involved in
international public health and policy.
Public health
There are a variety of illnesses and diseases leading to premature mortalities common locally,
regionally, nationally, within the European Union (EU) and worldwide. Information regarding ill
health patterns are composed using routine data in the form of;
Hospital data
G.P.’s weekly returns
Birth certificates
Death certificates
Health registers
Health surveys
Infectious disease notifications
The demographic census of the population
Routine data has its advantages and disadvantages. Advantages being that routine data is of low
expense, it provides a distinct foundation, is promptly obtainable and allows disease to be inspected
over time. Disadvantages being that routine data is deficient of entirety, is partial in its data and the
data assemblage throughout different areas may be unreliable. Data collected is expended in
planning, assessment and provision of precautionary health plans.
Information regarding the health of the population also aids in the planning of strategies for the
future. This could be health strategies such as;
The NHS 5 year forward view
The Darzi review
Public health England 5-star strategic plan
NHS public health profiles
In the United Kingdom (UK), when a high predominance of individuals experiences the same disease
or illness it develops into a health target. The government and associated health services then
pursue these targets in order to moderate the numbers and create a healthier population. Currently
there are four major health issues affecting individuals across Knowsley, Merseyside, the North
West, England and Europe which are;
Cardiovascular disease
Cancer
Diabetes
Chronic respiratory disease
Statistics:
Knowsley
Cardiovascular disease (CVD)
During 2015 there were 21.4 local value adult smokers in Knowsley compared to 16.9 England value,
19.4% of the 146’000 population smoking at the time of delivery (between 2014-2015) and 995
smoking related deaths between 2012-2014. 8’695 cases of diabetes were recorded between 2014-
2015, 69.1% of excessive weight in adults 2012-2014 and 1’206 stays at hospital for alcohol related
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