Exam (elaborations)
Mental Health Exam #1 (CH 1,2,5,8,9,3,4,6) – Questions and Answers
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- Mental Health Exam #1 – Quest
Mental Health Exam #1 (CH 1,2,5,8,9,3,4,6) – Questions and Answers
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Mental Health Exam #1 (CH1,2,5,8,9,3,4,6) – Questions and Answers
1. Considering the many criteria for good mental health, the nursing student
has been
instructed to list four of these criteria. The student's list consists of the
following: (1)
an appropriate perception of reality, (2) the ability to accept oneself, (3) the
ability to
establish relationships, (4) a need for detachment and the desire for privacy.
How would
the nurse evaluate the nursing student's list?
1. Excellent. All the student's criteria are correct.
2. Good. Three out of the four criteria are correct.
3. Mediocre. Two out of the four criteria are correct.
4. Poor. All four of the criteria are incorrect. - -ANS 1
1. Excellent. All the student's criteria are
correct. There are numerous descriptors
depicting the concept of good mental
health. The student's list is not comprehensive,
but all four criteria listed are correct
reflections of good mental health. A
mentally healthy individual views reality
with a realistic perception based on objective
data. Accepting oneself, including
strengths and weaknesses, is indicative of
good mental health. The ability to establish
relationships by use of communication
skills is essential for good mental health.
Mentally healthy individuals seek time to
be alone and appreciate periods of
privacy.
2. Four out of four, not three out of the four
criteria are correct.
3. Four out of four, not two out of the four criteria
are correct.
4. All four of the criteria are correct, not incorrect.
-2. Which assessment is most important when evaluating signs and
symptoms of mental
illness?
1. The decreased amount of creativity a client exhibits.
2. The inability to face problems within one's life.
3. The intensity of an emotional reaction.
,4. The client's social and cultural norms. - -ANS 4
1. The amount of creativity a patient exhibits is
not reflective of mental health or illness.
Some individuals are innately more creative
than others.
2. The inability to face a problem is not specific
to mental illness. Many individuals not diagnosed
with a mental illness have difficulty
facing problems, such as a diabetic refusing
to adhere to an American Diabetes
Association diet.
3. Intensity of emotional reactions is not indicative
of mental illness. Grief, an expected
response to a perceived loss, can vary in
intensity from person to person and be
affected by cultural norms.
4. It is important when assessing for mental
illness that social and cultural norms be
evaluated. The context of cultural norms
determines if behaviors are considered
acceptable or aberrant. Belief in reincarnation
can be acceptable in one culture and
considered "delusional" in another.
-3. Which is an example of an interpersonal intervention for a client on an in-
patient psychiatric
unit?
1. Assist the client to note common defense mechanisms used.
2. Discuss "acting out" behaviors, and assist the client in understanding why
they
occur.
3. Ask the client to use a journal to record thoughts he or she is having
before actingout
behaviors occur.
4. Ask the client to acknowledge one positive person in his or her life to
assist the client
after discharge. - -ANS 4
1. Intrapersonal theory deals with conflicts
within the individual. Assisting clients to
note defense mechanisms used would be an
example of interventions that reflect the use
of intrapersonal theory.
2. Discussing acting-out behaviors and why
they occur is an intervention reflective of
,behavioral theory. A major concept of this
theory is that all behavior has meaning.
3. Discussion of thoughts is an intervention
reflective of cognitive theory. Cognitive theory
is based on the principle that thoughts
affect feelings and behaviors.
4. Interpersonal theory states that individual
behavior and personality development are
the direct result of interpersonal relationships.
The identification of a positive
relationship is an intervention that
reflects interpersonal theory.
-4. Which is an example of appropriate psychosexual development?
1. An 18-month-old relieves anxiety by the use of a pacifier.
2. A 5-year-old boy focuses on relationships with other boys.
3. A 7-year-old girl identifies with her mother.
4. A 12-month-old begins learning about independence and control. - -ANS 1
1. From birth to 18 months of age, a child is
in the oral stage of Freud's psychosexual
development. During this stage, an infant
would attempt to decrease anxiety by
finding relief using oral gratification.
2. From the age of 3 to 6 years, a child is in the
phallic stage of Freud's psychosexual development.
During this stage, a child is looking to
identify with the parent of the same sex and
developing his or her own sexual identity by
focusing on genital organs. Focusing on relationships
with same-sex peers occurs during
the latency stage, which occurs from 6 to
12 years of age.
3. From 6 to 12 years of age, a child is in the
latency stage of Freud's psychosexual development.
During this stage, a child is suppressing
sexuality and focusing on relationships
with same-sex peers. Identifying with
the parent of the same sex occurs in the phallic
stage, which occurs from 3 to 6 years of
age.
4. Learning about independence and control
occurs in Freud's anal phase of psychosexual
development, which occurs from 18 months
to 3 years of age.
, -5. In which client situation is ego development evident?
1. A client calls out in pain to get his or her needs met.
2. A client complains of poor self-esteem because of punishments from his or
her past.
3. A client exhibits the ability to assert himself or herself without anger or
aggression.
4. A client morally feels guilty about wanting to have sexual relations outside
of
marriage. - -ANS 3
1. Instinctual drives are considered examples of
the id, which is based on the "pleasure
principle." The id is present at birth and
assists individuals to decrease immediately
the anxiety based on primal needs. Calling
out in pain is an example of a primal
response.
2. Between 3 and 6 years of age, a child begins
to develop his or her own superego by being
rewarded or punished for "good" and "bad"
behavior. The superego internalizes values
and morals set forth by the primary caregivers.
This is considered the "perfection
principle." The superego is important in
that it assists the ego in controlling the
impulses of the id. When the superego
becomes penalizing, self-esteem issues
can arise.
3. The ego is considered the "reality principle"
and is developed between 4 and 6
months of age. The ego experiences the
outside world and then adapts and
responds to it. The ego's main goal is to
maintain harmony between the id and
the superego. The ability to assert oneself
without anger or aggression is an
example of a healthy ego.
4. As children grow and are rewarded for
"good" and "bad" behavior, they begin to
develop their own superego. This is considered
the "perfection principle." Not only do
parents assist in the development of the
superego by a reward-and-punishment system,
but also societal norms play a role in
superego development.
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