1 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING STUDY GUIDE: EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS. RATED A+

1 FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING STUDY GUIDE: EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS. RATED A+ Assessment: - -collecting vital signs, pain levels, other signs/ symptoms Diagnosis: - -nurse makes a nursing diagnosis based on assessment of patient; not a medical diagnosis Planning: - -nurse comes up with client-centered goals; need to be measurable (client will ambulate 10 meters 3x daily for 2 wks) Implementing: - -following through with plan that was developed for the patient Evaluation: - -goal was met, partially met, not met; how effective the plan was for the patient and what should be changed for the patient Normal range for temperature - -96.8-100.4 Normal range for pulse - -60-100 Normal range for respirations - -12-20 Normal range for BP - -100/60-140-90 Normal range for pulse ox. - -95% SOLER - -sit close, observe, lean forward, eye contact, relax Types of pain - -acute, chronic, cancer, by inferred pathology, idiopathic Pain threshold - -level of stimulus needed to produce the perception of pain Pain tolerance - -amount of pain a patient endures without its interference of ADLs Factors influencing pain - -age, fatigue, genes, neurological functions, social factors, spiritual factors, psychological factors, cultural factors Behavioral responses to pain - -clenching teeth, holding painful part, bent posture, grimaces, cries or moans, restlessness, frequent requests of the nurse; confused patient may not show reaction Pharmacological pain relief - -analgesics (NSAIDS & non-opioids, opioids, adjuvants) NSAIDS & non-opiates - -has analgesic/ antipyretic effects; available OTC; used for moderate to mild pain; blocks pain impulses by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis; lethal when overdosed; do not take with alcohol; do not take if liv