ATI Maternal Newborn EXAM 1/99
Questions and Answers/A+ Rated
Presumptive, probable, and positive - -Three groups of signs of pregnancy
-Ultrasound - -Procedure that consists of high-frequency sound waves used
to visualize internal organs and tissues by producing a real-time, three-
dimensional image of the developing fetus and maternal structures
-Timeline of prenatal visits - -Begins with initial assessment within the first
12 weeks, monthly weeks 16-28, every 2 weeks from 29-36, and every week
from 36 weeks until birth
-Recommended weight gain - -Normal weight is 25-35lbs, underweight is
28-40lbs, and overweight women 15-25lbs
-Presumptive signs - -Changes that the woman experiences that make her
think that she might be pregnant
-Fetal health assessment - -Begin assessing for fetal movement between
16-20 weeks of gestation
-Caloric needs for second trimester - -An increase of 340 calories/day
-External abdominal, transvaginal, and Doppler - -Three types of ultrasound
-Examples of presumptive signs - -Amenorrhea, fatigue, nausea and
vomiting, urinary frequency, breast changes, quickening, and uterine
enlargement
-Blood type, Rh factor, and presence of irregular antibodies - -Determines
the risk for maternal-fetal blood incompatibility or neonatal
hyperbilirubinemia
-Caloric needs for third trimester - -An increase of 462 calories/day
-Purposes of an ultrasound - -Allows for early diagnosis of complications,
permits earlier interventions, and thereby decreases neonatal and maternal
morbidity and mortality
-Transvaginal ultrasound - -An invasive procedure in which a probe is
inserted vaginally to allow for a more accurate evaluation, does not require a
full bladder
, -Caloric needs for breastfeeding - -Add 450-500 calories a day
-Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) - -Used to rule out Down
syndrome (low level) and neural tube defects (high level)
-Probable signs - -Changes that make the examiner suspect a woman is
pregnant
-Examples of probable signs - -Abdominal enlargement, Hegar's sign,
Chadwick's sign, Goodell's sign, Ballottement
Braxton hicks contractions, positive pregnancy, fetal outline
-What is included in prenatal education? - -Health promotion, preparation
for pregnancy and birth, common discomforts of pregnancy, and
warning/danger signs to report
-Folic Acid - -Crucial for neurological development and the prevention of
fetal neural tube defects
-Doppler ultrasound blood flow analysis - -A noninvasive external ultrasound
method to study the maternal-fetal blood flow by measuring the velocity at
which RBCs travel in the uterine and fetal vessels using a handheld
ultrasound device that reflects sound waves from a moving target
-Hegar's Sign - -Softening and compressibility of lower uterus
-Health promotion includes - -Avoiding all over the counter medications
unless prescribed by the provider, avoiding alcohol and drugs, getting 30
minutes of exercise a day, avoiding hot tubs and saunas, and consuming 8-
10 glasses of water
-Iron Supplements - -Are often added to the prenatal plan to facilitate an
increase of maternal RBC mass
-Reasons for an ultrasound - -Vaginal bleeding evaluation, questionable
fundal height measurement in relationship to gestational weeks, reports of
decreased fetal movements, preterm labor, and questionable rupture of
membranes
-Biophysical profile (BPP) - -Uses a real-time ultrasound to visualize physical
and physiological characteristics of the fetus and observe for fetal
biophysical responses to stimuli, it combines FHR monitoring and fetal
ultrasound
-Chadwick's sign - -Deepened violet-bluish color of cervix and vaginal
mucosa